2015-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/700741摘要：近十年來有關東亞福利體系的研究已有相當豐碩之成果出現，並且已受到國際社會福利學界的承認，成為比較社會政策領域重要的一環。不過，大部分的研究都順著Gosta Esping-Andersen福利體制的脈絡，著重於東亞福利體系是否不同於社會民主、保守主義、以及自由主義等三種福利體制之外，自成為一特殊福利體制的問題，而所獲得的答案也林林種種，但可以確定的是，存在於東亞各國福利體系之間的差異程度，絕對不是單一福利體制概念所能完全涵蓋的。接下來的問題是，到底存在於這些差異背後的因素是什麼？這個問題的可能解答指向東亞國家不同的經濟發展程度、政治運作方式、福利體系形成的歷史背景…，具體來說，亦即指向了資本主義（全球化）、政治民主化（社會運動）、與福利發展三大結構性力量的交織互動。政治民主化對台灣福利發展的影響已經大致上受到學界的認同，並產生大量的研究成果。而資本主義全球化雖然也相當多的論述，但隨著2008年以後台灣與大陸關係改善，進而於2010年簽訂ECFA（兩岸經濟合作架構協議），已經進入到另一個不同的階段，與大陸經貿關係日益密切（甚至是依賴）、勞動力流動加速、隨之而來稅收與各種社會安全捐（這是國家福利支出的兩大財源）繳納問題、大陸也開始建構其社會保障體系對台灣產生的效應等，都打破了過去台灣相對自立於外部影響的福利體系。因此，本研究的主要目標是以連續三年的期程規劃，第一年著重從制度分析的角度，瞭解大陸社會保障制度的設計與發展，評析其對台灣福利體系可能產生的競合關係；第二年則選擇海西、深圳、與上海部分台商企業人事部門，以及在大陸工作的台籍幹部進行訪談，瞭解其在工作生涯、大陸社會保障制度、與台灣福利體系之間的選擇與考量點；第三年則以政府福利決策部門與學者為主，瞭解其對前述台商與台幹意見的認知，以及其可能產生的應對政策走向。藉由這樣的研究設計，更具體而且聚焦地檢驗全球化對台灣福利發展可能產生的影響。<br> Abstract: Affluent research publications on East Asian welfare systems have occurred in the past decade, regarded by international community of social welfare as an important field of comparative social policy. However, those studies almost follow Gosta Esping-Andersen’s concept of welfare regime, to see whether East Asia as a particular regime differing from social democracy, conservative and liberal. The answer so far is diversified, but one point can be sure is the absence of one single welfare model in East Asian economies. The following question concerns with determining factors behind welfare development in this region, linking to interweaving structural forces of capitalism (and globalization), democratization (and social movement), and welfare systems. Since the improvement of Taiwan-China relationship and the ECFA after 2010, a even closer interaction with China has had a great impact not just at economic, but also at social and welfare aspect that changes its independent status within Taiwan, especially as China also launches its social protection reforms and asks the Taiwanese businesses and workers to pay for taxes and contributions in mainland. We expect, by the research proposal, to go beyond the existing results of welfare regime studies, as well as to construct a more generalized and theoretical model explaining welfare competition induced by globalization with special reference to the cases of Taiwan and China. For this purpose, we are going to devote three-year time to this study. The first year will focus on the institutional analysis of social protection in China and evaluate its possible impact on Taiwan’s existing welfare systems. We will, in turn, conduct some in-depth interviews with Taiwanese businesses and workers in mainland, to see their ideas, responses, and choices between the two sides. The final year will take these preliminary analyses as topics and discuss with responsible governmental departments and scholars in Taiwan, understanding how they recognize such problems and the possible policy responses. In general, based on our research findings, we can explore further and examine the real impacts of globalization on welfare development in Taiwan that will be helpful to explain theoretically about the future changes of East Asian welfare regimes.全球化福利體系台灣大陸ECFAglobalizationwelfare systemTaiwanChinaECFA.