2004-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/701775摘要：一般而言，淋澱化(灰壤化)作用多發生在冷涼、潮濕或過濕潤的地區，針葉林的植生與粗質地的土壤母質，而所生成之土壤多以淋澱土(Spodosols)為主。在穩定化育之環境下，臺灣地區中高海拔山區土壤的化育作用是以淋澱化作用與黏粒的洗入作用來進行，可化育生成淋澱土或極育土。土壤微形態學與土壤溶液化學的研究方法，對於探討淋澱化土之生成化育作用非常重要。土壤溶液控制和反應出土壤剖面生成化育的發展及分化，藉由土壤溶液的研究方式可以進一步證明土壤生成過程的存在；土壤微形態學的研究常可提供粘粒、有機物及鐵、錳等物質在土壤中移動的直接證據。以往的研究多指出臺灣中高海拔森林所生成之淋澱化土多為中質地(黏壤土或坋質黏壤土)之土壤，少有中粗或粗質地土壤的發現；但在阿里山區調查時，曾發現具粗質地之淋澱土，然而並沒有進一步的研究。本研究為兩年期的計畫，主要的研究目的為：(1)利用土壤的形態特徵、土壤微形態特徵、礦物組成分析等，探討阿里山區粗質地淋澱土的特性與化育作用；(2)收集土壤溶液，並收集雨水、穿落水與地表逕流水，探討生成該淋澱土之環境中養份輸出與輸入的變化；(3)比較中質地與中粗(或粗)質地淋澱土兩者之土壤生<br> Abstract: In general, podzolization is occurred in cool, moisture or perudic regions, coniferous vegetation, and coarse textural parent materials. The soils formed in such conditions mostly are Spodosols. In stable and gentle environments, podzolization and illuviation of clay are the major pedogenic processes of Podzolic soils under the montane and subalpine forest soils in Taiwan, and the soils can be classified as Spodosols or Ultisols. The techniques of soil micromorphology and soil solution chemistry are very important in investigating the pedogenesis of Spodosols. The compositions of soil solutions control and reflect the developments and differentiation of soil formation and genesis of soil profiles. The researches of soil solution could further interpret the soil formation processes. The results of soil micromorphology could provide direct evidences of the movements of clay, organic matters, iron and manganese oxides in soils. The previous researches have indicated that the Spodosols formed in the montane and subalpine forest soils of Taiwan were medium textural (clay loam or silty clay loam) soils. The medium coarse or coarse textural Spodosols were seldom found in Taiwan. In last few years, we have been found the coarse textural Spodosols in Alishan area, but have no further investigation. The objectives of this two-year projects are: (1) to investigate the characteristics and pedogenesis of coarse textural Spodosols in Alishan area by soil morphology, soil micromorphology, and components analysis of clay minerals; (2) to examine the input-output changes of nutrients in the forest environments of Spodosols by collection and determination of soil solution, rain, throughfall, and surface erosion water; and (3) to compare the pedogenesis and the characteristics of soil solution components between the medium textural and coarse textural Spodosols formed in Taiwan.土壤化育淋澱化(灰壤化)淋澱土土壤微形態學土壤溶液化學PedogenesisPodzolizationSpodosolsSoil MicromorphologySoil Solution Chemistry