吳先琪臺灣大學:環境工程學研究所鄭宗欽Cheng, Tsung-chinTsung-chinCheng2010-05-102018-06-282010-05-102018-06-282008U0001-2907200809444800http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/181571本研究結合流動式進樣裝置、數位影像擷取、數位影像處理以及藻類辨識,建立一套可應用於現場的浮游藻類自動監測系統。第一部分為進樣裝置之設計,係利用自製的流動式樣品槽結合間歇性泵浦,使水樣能夠自動進樣至顯微鏡聚焦處。第二部分為影像擷取系統,利用CCD數位相機拍攝藻類影像,以台大醉月湖之水樣做為觀察對象,得到待辨識之藻類影像。第三部分為影像辨識及計數系統,係就柵藻、鐮形纖維藻、藍綠藻以及盤星藻,利用各藻類間特徵值的差異在貝氏分類器下進行辨識;藻類計數方面,利用大量的擷取影像,以影像中總藻類數量與水樣總體積對水體的藻類數量進行估計。 此系統的藻類定性片辨識率盤星藻有辨識率63.9%,藍綠藻61.6%,鐮形纖毛藻61.1%,而柵藻辨識率51.6%。使用間歇流動攝影方面,因為盤星藻與雜質易交雜在一起使藻類影像複雜,以及盤星藻影像並非皆正面朝向鏡頭而使得辨識率不佳,僅有14.3%。柵藻、藍綠藻之辨識率分別為56.3% 及76.2%,而鐮形纖維藻由於季節的影響於醉月湖中並未見到。 辨識系統測試的結果辨識率雖不盡理想,此系統如持續改進,應可以發展為自動監測水中浮游藻類之有力工具。The aim of this research is to develop a system for automatic monitoring phytoplankton in real water bodies. The system includes sample injector, digital image capture system , digital image process, and pattern recognition. The first part of the system is the sample injector including the flowing cell the pump pumping sample to the focal point of the microscope intermittently. The second part of the system is image capture system in which CCD camera captures images and the acquired images were processed for pattern recognition based on the sample from Zui-Yue Lake in National Taiwan University. The third part of the system is computerized pattern. The Bayes''classifier processes were used for the pattern recognition of the algae features. The system is able to estimate the numbers of phytoplankton by total water volume and the numbers of phytoplankton in the plenty of captured images. The recognition accuracy of the algae specimen achieves 63.9%; 61.6% for Chroomonas; 61.1% for Ankistrodesmus; 51.6% for Scenedesmus. In intermittent flowing and capturing images, The recognition accuracy is down to 14.3% for Pediastum because Pediastum are tend to mix with other objects and rotating quite often; the recognition accuracy achieves 56.3% for Scenedesmus; 76.2% for Chroomonas. Ankistrodesmus were not observed due to the season. Recognition accuracy of the recognition system is not good enough. With further improvement the system has the potential to be a powerful automatic monitoring device or phytoplankton in the future.誌謝文摘要 I文摘要 II錄 III目錄 VI目錄 IX一章 緒論 1.1 研究動機與背景 1.2 研究目的 2二章 文獻探討 3.1 藻類做為水質指標 3.2藻類辨識及計數 4.2.1 鏡檢法 4.2.2 顯微圖像自動辨識法 4.2.3 分光光度法 6.2.4 螢光分光光度法 6.2.5 流式細胞儀法 6三章 背景與原理 9.1 數位影像 9.2 影像處理 10.2.1 影像二值化 10.2.2 膨脹與侵蝕 12.3 自動目標物影像擷取 16.3.1 高密度關連區域分群法 16.3.2 連通成分法(connected component) 18.4 藻類特徵值 20.4.1 特徵值對藻類之鑑別度 20.5 藻類分類器 21.5.1 倒傳遞類神經網路(BPN) 21.5.2 貝式分類法(Bayes’ classifier) 22四章 研究架構與方法 25.1 系統架構 25.2 進樣裝置 26.2.1 流動式樣品槽 26.2.2間歇性泵浦 28.3 藻類影像擷取 30.4 影像處理 31.5 藻類特徵值 35.6 藻類辨識系統 40.6.1 建立藻類分類器 40.6.2 藻類分類器之雜質判定 46.6.3藻類計數 50五章 結果與討論 51.1 特徵與分類結果的相關性 51.2 二種雜質判定方法之評估 61.3 藻類定性片辨識結果 61.4 間歇流動攝影之藻類影像辨識結果 62.5 間歇流動攝影之藻類計數 65.6 研究結果之討論 67六章 結論與建議 71.1 結論 71.2 建議 72考文獻 74錄A. 藻類影像辨識之MATLAB程式 76錄B. 貝式分器類之MATLAB程式(柵藻決策函數值) 87錄C. 特徵值對各藻類之頻率分布圖 92application/pdf6598592 bytesapplication/pdfen-US藻類影像辨識數位影像處理phytoplanktonpattern recognitiondigital image process自動化影像辨識系統檢測藻類數量及種類方法之研究Automatic recognition and numerating of phytoplankton with microscopic imagingthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/181571/1/ntu-97-R95541123-1.pdf