Lee, Chung-ShuChung-ShuLeeHo, Chung-HanChung-HanHoLiao, Kuang-MingKuang-MingLiaoWu, Yu-CihYu-CihWuCHIN-CHUNG SHU2025-04-242025-04-242025-05https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/728445Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease and is associated with high mortality if not effectively treated. We studied the influence of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) on mortality in patients with TB. Methods: We retrospectively recruited patients with new-onset TB from the National Health Insurance database from 2017 to 2020. The association between the one-year mortality in patients with TB and the use of SGLT2-i was analyzed by using Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: A total of 34,820 patients with new-onset TB were identified in the period studied. We classified those with use of SGLT2-i (n = 345) and matched a 4-fold cohort of 1380 patients without use of SGLT2-i (n = 1380) by a propensity score method. Times to death averaged 6.2 and 4.6 months in the SGLT2-i group and non-SGLT2-i group, respectively (p = 0.0150). Mortality within 1 year was higher in the non-SGLT2-i group (17.5 % vs. 8.1 %, p < 0.0001) than in the SGLT2-i group. The adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of one-year mortality was significantly lower in patients with total SGLT2-i use (0.42 [0.28–0.63]) and in those with high-dose SGLT2-i use (0.10 [0.03–0.33]) than in the non-SGLT2-i group. Conclusions: SGLT2-i might improve mortality outcomes for patients with TB with a dose response. Although further prospective clinical trials to validate this possibility are needed, the use of SGLT2-i in patients with TB might be considered in the absence of contraindication.enMortalitySodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsTuberculosis[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.1016/j.jiph.2025.10268640043421