2017-01-092024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/657612摘要：汞因為具有高毒性、揮發性、生物累積性，被認為是最具生物毒性的金屬。在大氣中，汞多以元素汞的形式存在；而在水相中及土壤底泥環境中時，多為二價汞或甲基汞，其中甲基汞為最具毒性與生物累積性的物種。底泥環境因為存在厭氣狀態，有利底泥厭氧微生物經由生物甲基化反應產生甲基汞。底泥環境因此具有很高的生態風險潛勢，汞重金屬污染之底泥更被相關部門視為重要的整治項目。現行整治汞污染底泥的方法主要以開挖法、熱處理法、傳統覆蓋法，或監控生物降解為主，但部分方法因為成本過高、或環境衝擊大等因素，或僅適用低污染底泥，在應用上有許多限制，因此新興的整治方法也逐漸發展。其中，利用活性碳之活性覆蓋法，因施工成本低、低環境破壞，可吸收新沉降污染物等優點，具有相當大的潛力。惟目前研究尚多在於探討水相吸附試驗，還少有探討活性碳之活性覆蓋法應用在底泥環境之研究。因此，本系列研究即致力於探討活性覆蓋法於吸收底泥汞與抑制底泥汞釋出之有效性，與其未來應用於實場化之可能性。 本系列研究為加速於未來利用活性覆蓋法整治含汞底泥之實場化，本期研究將從活性碳材開發、水相吸附試驗、底泥競爭吸附試驗，到微環境系統試驗，逐步探討活性碳在底泥相中對汞的吸附與抑制汞釋出效能。本研究將利用高品質椰子殼活性碳經過熱硫化處理製備含硫活性碳，利用含硫活性碳之水相吸附試驗以及過去尚未有人探討的底泥相競爭吸附試驗，探討含硫活性碳在水相及底泥相中等溫吸附模式及動力學模式。本研究也將架設一組微型環境模擬系統，探討活性覆蓋法施加於底泥環境對抑制汞及甲基汞滲透釋出之效能。本研究所得成果預期將可作為未來國內外利用活性覆蓋法施作於含汞底泥場址參考，也將對於未來繼續延續進行中型環境系統，乃至模場規模試驗有所助益。 <br> Abstract: (一) 英文部分︰ With high toxicity, volatility, and bioaccumulation ability, mercury is considered one of the most toxic heavy metal in the environment. Mercury in general exists in the form of elemental mercury in the atmosphere, while also exists in aqueous phase and sediment environment in the form of double valent mercury or methylmercury. Among all species, methylmercury is considered the most toxic form of mercury due to its highest bioaccumulation ability and toxicity. In sediment environment, it is often anoxic and facilitates biomethylation reactions of mercury, resulting in increasing concentration of methylmercury. Sediment environment is therefore regarded as a highly potential source of generating methylmercury, and remediation of mercury-contaminated sediment is often needed to be dealt with in a high priority. The conventional remediation methods such as dredging, capping, or monitored natural recovery, have limited use due to high cost, great environmental impact, or otherwise being too slow or uneffective. Therefore, some emerging technologies for mercury-contaminated sediment is needed and have drawn lots of attention. Among all, active capping is one of the technologies with many advantages such as: cost-effectivness, low environmental impact, persistency, and able to adsorb new deposited contaminants. Despite active capping as a high potential remediation method, relative research is limited other than adsorption isotherm batch experiments in aqueous phase. Therefore, this series of proposed studies will be focused on discovering the possibility of scaling up of active capping method to remediate mercury-contaminated sediment. In order to promote the speed of scaling up active capping method to remediate mercury-contaminated sediment. The proposed one-year research will go through several batch experiments and a microcosm test to evaluate the adsorption/immobilization capability of activated carbon adsorbents on both mercury and methylmercury. High-quality coconet shell activated carbon is used in this research with sulfurization to prepare sulfurized activated carbon, SAC as the major capping material. The mercury adsorption behaviors are evaluated using batch experiments to construct adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. The effectiveness of using active capping in a noval, small-scale microcosm will also be evaluated. The results of this research will provide useful data for research relative in this field, and will be beneficial to scale up of active capping remediation process for contaminated sediments in the future.含硫活性碳汞底泥整治Sulfurized-Activated carbonMercurySediment remediation