2014-08-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/646163摘要：背景： 泛自閉光譜症候群(Autism spectrum disorder ，ASD)為一以社會和溝通障礙為主要特徵的神經發展疾病。然而，雖然較少被強調，ASD常伴隨著許多和動作相關的障礙，例如在模仿、理解或計劃動作上的困難。這些動作相關的能力，為參與「動作認知」的重要過程；而「動作表徵」為動作認知的一個基本元素。雖然多數研究廣泛地透過動作模仿和動作觀察來研究動作表徵。然而，關於 ASD在動作表徵上是否有缺陷的議題，仍然不一致且具有爭議。 研究目的： 本研究計劃，預計藉由「動作想像」來探討 ASD動作表徵的特性。透過動作想像，我們得以直接探討動作表徵的內在體現。本計劃有兩個主要的研究目的：一、探討在執行動作想像時，ASD是否會使用視覺轉換的策略(視覺動作想像)，而非使用運動覺資訊(運動覺動作想像)。二、探討在動作想像上的改變，是否和 ASD在動作計劃和動作控制上的困難有關。 研究方法： 針對研究目的一，第一年的實驗一會藉由心理物理學實驗合併改良過的 3D手部心智旋轉實驗，探討 ASD在動作想像過程的特性。我們會使用不及物(空手)和及物(拿工具的手)的刺激圖片，來引發動作想像。第二年的實驗二將藉由結合腦電波和實驗一的手部心智旋轉實驗典範，進一步研究 ASD在執行動作想像時的大腦神經機制。針對研究目的二，第三年的實驗三會透過運動學分析來研究 ASD的動作想像能力和其動作計劃、動作控制表現的相關性。 預期成果： 研究目的一的結果將有助於釐清，ASD的基本動作表徵相較於健康發展的控制組是否有改變或不同。根據我們在健康成人身上的先導研究結果，我們假設 ASD會傾向於使用視覺轉換策略來執行不及物的動作想像；但是較有可能使用運動覺想像來執行及物的動作想像。研究目的二的結果將有助於進一步了解 ASD在動作計劃和動作控制上的障礙，是否和動作表徵的改變有相關性。因此，此研究計劃多面向的結果，將可以幫助我們了解 ASD的動作認知能力以及其與動作相關障礙的關聯性。 <br> Abstract: Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder mainly characterized by social and communication impairments. However, although less emphasized, ASD indeed suffers from various motor-related deficits such as imitation, understanding and planning of actions, which are all key processes involved in motor cognition. Most of previous research has extensively studied action representation, a basic component of motor cognition, through action imitation and action observation. However, the question concerning about whether ASD has deficits in action representation remains controversial and inconsistent. Objectives: In the current proposal, we plan to study the characteristics of action representation in ASD through motor imagery (MI) that allows us to directly investigate the internal embodiment of action representation. There are two specific aims. First, we will investigate whether ASD use visual transformation strategies (i.e., visual MI) instead of kinesthetic information (i.e., kinesthetic MI) to perform motor imagery. Second, we will investigate whether alteration of motor imagery is associated with deficiency in motor planning and motor control in ASD. Methods: For Aim 1, we will study the characteristics of motor imagery processing in ASD with a psychophysic experiment using a modified 3-D hand rotation paradigm in the first year (Exp I). Specifically, intransitive (e.g., bared hands) and transitive (e.g., hands-with-tools) stimuli will be used to induce MI. In the second year (Exp II), we will further investigate the neural mechanisms of motor imagery in ASD using EEG combined with the hand rotation paradigm developed in Exp I. For Aim 2, we will explore the relationship between the capability of motor imagery and performance of motor planning and control through kinematic analysis approach in the third year (Exp III). Anticipated Results: Results from Aim 1 will help reveal whether the fundamental action representation is altered in ASD as compared to TD. Based on our pilot results, we hypothesize that ASD may tend to use visual transformation strategy to perform intransitive MI but more likely to use kinesthetic MI for transitive MI. Results from Aim 2 will further help reveal whether deficits in motor planning and control correlates with altered action representation in ASD. The overarching results of the current proposal will therefore provide important insights into the capability of motor cognition of ASD and its relationship with their motor related deficits.泛自閉症光譜症候群動作認知動作想像腦電波神經震盪運動學分析Autism Spectrum Disordermotor cognitionmotor imageryEEGneuronal oscillationkinematic analyses