Hsu, Geng LongGeng LongHsuSHIH-PING LIU2022-01-052022-01-052018-01-019780128151457https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/590992The human penis consists of two corpora cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum whereby the urethra resides centrally and the glans penis caps distally. Its anatomy clings to the pelvic wall so tenaciously that sexual and urinary passage function work perfectly. A dual penile vascular system is indispensable to the corpora cavernosa, which are encompassed by the tunica albuginea’s bi-layered structure, expressed as a 360 degrees inner circular and a 300 degrees outer longitudinal coat. The erection-related veins include one deep dorsal, two cavernosal, and four para-arterial veins (PAVs). A fibroskeleton is critical for facilitating erectile rigidity, which is further supported by the distal ligament.Buck’s fascia | Cavernosal veins | Colles’ fascia | Corpora cavernosa | Corpus spongiosum | Deep dorsal vein | Distal ligament | Dorsal artery | Dorsal nerve | Erectile dysfunction | Erection-related veins | Hypospadium | Os penis | Para-arterial veins | Penile dysmorphology | Penile fibroskeleton | Phimosis | Tunica albugineabook part10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.64602-02-s2.0-85079257063https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85079257063