傅增棣臺灣大學:機械工程學研究所張翔喻Chang, Hsiang-YuHsiang-YuChang2010-06-302018-06-282010-06-302018-06-282008U0001-2707200822263600http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/187287近年來由於人們對於乘車舒適性的要求越來越高，使得車廠對於煞車抖振的現象也逐漸重視。本研究運用暫態管流統御方程式，並結合單自由度系統之振動模型，以建構煞車管路壓力數值分析模型，並透過煞車管路實驗之比對，以驗證模型之正確性以及不同管路特性對抑制煞車管路壓力起伏的定量成效。研究結果顯示，此煞車管路壓力數值分析模型在煞車抖振發生的轉速範圍內，可以表現出與實驗測試接近一致的煞車壓力變化趨勢，且在不同管路特性壓力變化的行為中，具有良好的預測效果。據此本研究亦針對煞車管路系統之關鍵特性參數來進行煞車抖振效能之改善，嘗試從壓力變化的角度來抑制煞車抖振，其結果顯示煞車軟管管徑變動的效果將最為顯著。Owing to the higher standard of driving comfort, brake judder has become an important issue in automotive design. Based on the governing equations of transient pipe flow and the basic one degree of freedom vibration systems, a numerical model for simulations of braking pipe pressure is developed in this research. The model is validated by comparing with the braking pipe pressure experiments. Various pipe structures are investigated. It is found that the model predicts consistent behaviors of brake judder phenomena with different pipe characteristics. Sensitivity of key pipe characteristics is also performed to search for the reduction of brake judder by stabilizing pipe pressure. The results indicate that by changing brake hose diameter is the most effective way in brake judder suppression.口試委員會審定書.................................................................................... i謝........................................................................................................... ii文摘要.................................................................................................. iii文摘要.................................................................................................. iv錄........................................................................................................... v一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景與動機........................................................................ 1.2 文獻回顧.................................................................................... 3.2.1 成因分析......................................................................... 3.2.2 影響分析......................................................................... 5.2.3 煞車管路系統分析......................................................... 7.3 研究方法與流程........................................................................ 8.4 論文架構.................................................................................... 9格................................................................................................. 11例................................................................................................. 12二章 研究方法及理論 16.1 前言.......................................................................................... 16.2 暫態管流統御方程式.............................................................. 16.2.1 動量方程式................................................................... 16.2.2 連續方程式................................................................... 18.2.3 矩陣形式之統御方程式............................................... 19.3 數值模擬方法.......................................................................... 20.3.1 特徵線法....................................................................... 20.3.2 FTCS數值微分.............................................................. 22.4 煞車管路系統模型.................................................................. 24.4.1 煞車系統概述............................................................... 24.4.2 系統模型之建構........................................................... 24.4.3 起始與邊界條件........................................................... 25.5 油容裝置模型.......................................................................... 27.6 隨機振動理論.......................................................................... 28.7 統計相關性分析...................................................................... 29例................................................................................................. 30三章 實驗測試與模型驗證 34.1 前言.......................................................................................... 34.2 煞車抖振之管路壓力實驗...................................................... 34.2.1 實驗架構....................................................................... 34.2.2 實驗流程....................................................................... 36.3 實驗成果分析.......................................................................... 36.3.1 原況管路狀態之壓力反應........................................... 37.3.2 油容裝置與擴管效應................................................... 38.4 實測與模擬之比對驗證.......................................................... 38.4.1 數值模型參數之設定................................................... 39.4.2 邊界輸入條件之量測................................................... 40.4.3 定性與定量比對........................................................... 41格................................................................................................. 44例................................................................................................. 47四章 煞車抖振效能之改善 62.1 前言.......................................................................................... 62.2 效能改善分析指標.................................................................. 62.3 效能改善策略.......................................................................... 64.3.1 煞車硬管管徑參數....................................................... 64.3.2 油容裝置參數............................................................... 66.3.3 煞車軟管參數............................................................... 67.4 煞車抖振之綜合改善建議...................................................... 70格................................................................................................. 72例................................................................................................. 73五章 結論與未來展望 80.1 結論.......................................................................................... 80.2 未來展望.................................................................................. 81錄一 數值微分 83錄二 數值模擬之穩定性分析 86考文獻 892302279 bytesapplication/pdfen-US煞車抖振暫態管流煞車管路壓力敏感度分析brake juddertransient pipe flowbraking pipe pressuresensitivity analysisthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/187287/1/ntu-97-R95522606-1.pdf