指導教授:黃鵬鵬臺灣大學:漁業科學研究所熊觀元Hsiung, Guang-YuangGuang-YuangHsiung2014-11-302018-07-062014-11-302018-07-062014http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/263812調控體內滲透壓平衡以及離子的恆定對生活於水中的硬骨魚類十分重要,在淡水水域中,離子濃度及酸鹼值較陸地不穩定,而魚類體內能量代謝產生的酸性廢物以及環境汙染抑會影響魚類酸鹼及離子之恆定,為因應環境的酸化,魚類必須發展出一套酸檢調控機制來維持體內酸鹼平衡。由先前實驗已知,狹鹽性斑馬魚體內排酸細胞是藉由氫離子幫浦(HA)將氫離子排出體外,而廣鹽性魚類,如:日本稻田魚及鱒魚的研究中,卻發現是以鈉氫交換蛋白 (NHE3) 為主要排酸運輸蛋白,據此,我們提出一關於魚類生長環境及排酸機制的假說:是否狹鹽性的魚類是使用氫離子幫浦排酸而廣鹽性魚類則是採用鈉氫交換蛋白?因此本研究針對狹鹽性鯉科魚類(鯉魚、馬口魚及金魚)進行排酸機制的研究以測試我們的假說,並與斑馬魚做比較。實驗發現,經過七天酸環境(pH 4.5)適應,鯉魚、馬口魚及金魚之NHE3 mRNA表現量皆有顯著的增加,而HA則沒有顯著變化;之後以免疫螢光染色及西方點墨法分析亦發現相符結果。另一方面,藉由測定鯉魚及斑馬魚酸處理後肌肉組織中的離子含量判斷酸化對於魚類吸收離子能力之影響,結果發現:在酸環境中斑馬魚較能維持體內離子恆定,而鯉魚吸收離子的能力則會因此降低。 從實驗結果可知,多數淡水魚種排酸機制是利用NHE3而非HA來進行,而利用HA排酸的斑馬魚在酸環境下無論是維持體內pH值及離子恆定都有較好的能力,這種生理機制上的差異有可能源自這些不同魚種演化過程中生存環境的不同,但是這項推論仍需要更多有力的證據支持。摘要……………………………………………………………………………………...........1 Abstract……………..………………………………………………………………………...2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………..4 Mechanisms of acid regulation in mammalian kidney……………………………....4 Mechanisms of acid regulation in freshwater fish…………………………………....5 Aim of studies………………………………………………………………………………,,.8 Materials and Methods………………………………………………………………….…,9 Experimental animals……………………………………………………………………….9 Acclimation experiment…………………………………………………………………..10 Molecular cloning and sequence analysis…………………….……………………...10 Preparation of total RNA………………………………………………………………...11 Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)…………………….11 Real-time PCR……………………………………………………………………………….12 Section immunocytochemistry…………………………………..…………………...…12 Western blot analysis. ……………………………..…………………………….……….13 Measurement of muscle ion content…………………………………………………..14 Statistical analysis………………………………………………………………………….15 Results………………………………………………………………………………………..15 Cloning and sequencing of acid-regulation candidate genes in the carp, Lake Candidus dace and goldfish…..………………………………………………………...16 qPCR analysis of mRNA expression pattern of atp6v1a and slc9a3 in the carp, Lake Candidus dace and goldfish after acid acclimation………………………….16 Effect of environmental pH value on NHE3 expression in carp and Lake Candidus dace gills.…………………………………………………………………….....17 Immunocytochemistry of NHE3 of carp and Lake Candidus dace gill sections..17 Effects of environmental acidities on rhcg1, slc4a1, trpv6 and slc4a4 in carp..18 Effects of environmental acidities on atp6v1a, slc9a3, rhcg1, slc4a1, trpv6 and slc4a4 in zebrafish……………………………………………………………………...18 Effects of acid acclimation on ion homeostasis of carp and zebrafish……....19 Discussion………………………………………………………………...……………….20 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………26 References………………………………………………………………………………….27 Tables………………………………………………………………………………………..34 Figures……………………………………………………………………………….381983637 bytesapplication/pdf論文公開時間:2019/07/29論文使用權限:同意有償授權(權利金給回饋學校)斑馬魚鯉魚馬口魚金魚鈉氫交換蛋白氫離子幫浦排酸機制淡水魚酸調節機制之研究Study on acid-regulation mechanisms in freshwater fishesthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/263812/1/ntu-103-R01b45002-1.pdf