Chen Y.-RTzeng D.T.WTing CHsu P.-SWu T.-HZhong SEN-CHENG YANG2022-04-252022-04-25202116648021https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109004038&doi=10.3389%2ffgene.2021.665927&partnerID=40&md5=159397ee6cf2bed9879a9c2bc5ca13dchttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/606099The environmental residue/sublethal doses of neonicotinoid insecticides are believed to generate a negative impact on pollinators, including honey bees. Here we report our recent investigation on how imidacloprid, one of the major neonicotinoids, affects worker bees by profiling the transcriptomes of various ages of bees exposed to different doses of imidacloprid during the larval stage. The results show that imidacloprid treatments during the larval stage severely altered the gene expression profiles and may induce precocious foraging. Differential expression of foraging regulators was found in 14-day-old treated adults. A high transcriptome similarity between larvae-treated 14-day-old adults and 20-day-old controls was also observed, and the similarity was positively correlated with the dose of imidacloprid. One parts per billion (ppb) of imidacloprid was sufficient to generate a long-term impact on the bee’s gene expression as severe as with 50 ppb imidacloprid. The disappearance of nurse bees may be driven not only by the hive member constitution but also by the neonicotinoid-induced precocious foraging behavior. ? Copyright ? 2021 Chen, Tzeng, Ting, Hsu, Wu, Zhong and Yang.honey beeimidaclopridprecocious foragingsublethal dosagetranscriptome4 aminobutyric acid B receptor60S ribosomal protein L4apidermin 1connectincorepressor interacting with RBPJ 1corepressor proteincuticular protein 14DNA ligaseelongation factorglutaminaseinsect proteinkinectinMAP kinase interacting serine threonine protein kinase 1membrane proteinnicotinamide ribosidenitrogen permease regulator 3 like proteinpermeaseplastin 2protein serine threonine kinaseregulator of non sense transcripts 1regulator proteinribosome proteinsomatomedin binding proteintransforming growth factor beta receptor 1trehalose transporter 1unclassified drugadultanimal experimentArticlecontrolled studydevelopmental stageexperimental testforagerforaging behaviorgene expressiongene expression profilinggene ontologyhoneybeeimidacloprid Feeding Assaylarval stagemolecular librarynonhumanRNA extractionsublethal dosetranscriptomicsworker (insect)journal article10.3389/fgene.2021.6659272-s2.0-85109004038