2015-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/712604摘要：估計魚群的永續性指標為漁業管理的預防性作法。過去這樣的評估必須根據魚群完整的生長、成熟、存活率等資料。對於太平洋的許多魚種，詳細的調查數據大多不可得或者分散在文獻中。缺乏資料造成許多漁業的評估無法進行，或評估偏差而無法應用於管理中。 本研究提出建構與分析族群生活史及棲地資料庫的來提升魚群永續性指標的評估。我們會針對太平洋 魚群收集族群生活史與棲地資料，探索生活史對於環境變動的可塑性。 根據生活史可塑性，我們會計算魚群永續性指標：F35 。F35為維持在有35 ％的未捕撈產卵母群生物量的漁業死亡率。生活史可塑性可以在生活史資料不足的情況下仍然能進行F35的估計。此外，我們將分析台灣拖網漁業在東海及南海的歷史漁獲資料（1974-2010）來驗證以生活史可塑性所估計的永續性指標。 本研究將對於漁業研究與管理的影響有：一、太平洋魚類族群生活史與棲地資料庫將可提升生活史研究與促進了解魚群對氣候變遷和漁撈的反應。二、我們所估計的永續性指標可提供漁政單位管理之科學依據。三、我們以漁獲資料檢驗永續性指標不但提供許多新的漁業評估，也更深入探討不同魚群永續性的變化。本計劃更深遠的貢獻在於發展生活史模式的應用（例如漁業管理或探討其他生物的生活史）。 <br> Abstract: Determination of the sustainable levels of fishing mortality for different fisheries populations is a critical step in the proactive fisheries management. Conventionally, such assessment requires detailed population-specific data on growth, maturation, and survival, which are often lacking. For the fisheries species in the Pacific Ocean, in particular, survey data mostly scatter in various sources or unavailable. Such data limitation has hampered the progress of fisheries assessments and may lead to bias and hesitation in applying the assessment results in management practices. We propose to conduct both database compilation and modeling analyses to enhance the proficiency of the assessment of fisheries population sustainability. Specifically, we will compile a population-level life history and habitat database for the Pacific fishes, and explore the life history-habitat correlates (i.e., the plasticity of life history traits with respect to variable habitat conditions). Then, based on the life history-habitat correlates we will develop models to evaluate the relative population sustainability; i.e., we will estimate the F35, the fishing mortality that maintains the population at a sustainable level: about 35% of the unfished spawning stock biomass. The life history-habitat correlates can compromise the data gap of population life history traits, allowing the estimation of F35 with habitat data. Further, to validate the use of the model-derived F35 in assessing population sustainability, we will evaluate the temporal trends of species composition and relative abundance in relation to the estimated species F35 based on an independent data source: the Taiwan’s otter trawler catch in the East and South China Sea, 1974-2010. The results from this project will have broad implications for both fisheries ecology and management. First, compilation and analysis of the life history-habitat database of the Pacific fishes will enhance the understanding of the life history variation and population dynamics in response to climate change and fisheries exploitation. Second, development of models that forecast population sustainability will provide useful estimates to inform fisheries management. Third, the validation of the fisheries sustainability with independent datasets will provide novel aspects about population sustainability, strengthening the understanding of differential population resilience to contemporary fishing. A broader contribution includes modeling development potentially applicable to explore life history variation for fishes and other organisms.生活史可塑性漁業永續性life history plasticityfisheries sustainability