2014-01-012024-05-16https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/668600摘要：有機電激發光元件的光萃取效率受限於全反射，本計畫中將以不同之元件設計，提升元件之外部量子效率。並利用週期奈米結構產生指向性之光波，可應用於偵測器之領域。類似之結構亦可用於提升有機光伏元件之吸收。<br> Abstract: Typically, organic light-emitting device (OLED) consists of organic thin films sandwiched by counter electrodes on the substrate. By supplying the electrical current, electrons and holes inject into the organic layers which recombine for photon emission. Due to the high refractive index of organic layer (typically ~1.6-2.0) and substrate (saying, glass with refractive index of 1.5), part of photons (around 30%) are trapped inside the organic layers or substrate. Besides, due to the thin organic layers (<200nm), parts of photons (about 40%) may couple into the non-radiative plasmonic mode of metal electrode [1]. Hence, the extraction efficiency of OLED is less than 30%. To improve, one may engineer the device structure to emit light from “top” side of the OLED without passing through the substrate. Besides, with suitable decreasing the thickness of the organic layer, it cannot support the guiding mode and the photons will leak from the organic layers out to the air. However, it is still difficult to extract plasmonic mode out of the free space in a planar structure due to the violation of phase matching condition. Typically, a corrugated grating structure is needed for providing extra momentum for this purpose, which results in difficulty in fabrication and device design [2,3]. Light emission from the plasmonic mode via grating coupling is strongly dependent on the viewing angle, device geometry and surrounding optical parameters (such as refractive index and extinction coefficient). Hence, one may detect the spectra from an OLED at different viewing angle for sensing applications (especially biosensing) [4]. Similarly, total thickness of organic layers in an organic photovoltaic (OPV) device is limited to 100-200 nm for reasonable low serial resistance. Such a thin layer results in the insufficient absorption which in turns to decrease the conversion efficiency. By incorporation of metal clusters inside the organic layer, plasmonic effect enhances the absorption and hence improves the efficiency in an OPV device [5]. Ref: 1. S. Wedge, and W. L. Barnes, Opt. Express 12(16), 3673–3685 (2004). 2. J. Frischeisen, Q. Niu, A. Abdellah, J. B. Kinzel, R. Gehlhaar, G. Scarpa, C. Adachi, P. Lugli, and W. Br&uuml;tting, Opt. Express, 19, A7 (2011). 3. S. Wedge, A. Giannattasio, and W. L. Barnes, Org. Electron. 8, 136 (2007). 4. P. Lisboa, A. Valsesia, P. Colpo, F. Rossi, M. Mascini, Anal. Lett., 43, 1556 (2010). 5. A. J. Morfa, K. L. Rowlen, T. H. Reilly III, M. J. Romero, and J. van de Lagemaat, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 013504 (2008).有機電激發光元件有機光伏元件organic light-emitting deviceorganic photovoltaic device