Hovius, NielsNielsHoviusCOLIN PETER STARKTutton, Matthew A.Matthew A.TuttonAbbott, Lon D.Lon D.Abbott2023-09-232023-09-231998-01-0100917613https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/635705The emergence of an orogen is generally characterized by an early phase of rapid surface uplift and the concomitant evolution of montane topography, leading in some cases to a steady state in which tectonic mass flux is balanced by erosion. This early phase of mountain growth is exemplified in the Finisterre Mountains of Papua New Guinea, a propagating growth fold whose catchments can be observed at a range of stages in their temporal evolution. Watersheds appear to initiate by isolated gorge incision, to expand by large-scale landsliding in a manner controlled by ground-water seepage, and to entrench by fluvial incision of landslide scars and deposits. Once a montane system of ridges and valleys is established, only rare, major landslides can modify the drainage pattern. The steady-state morphology of a mountain belt is therefore intimately related to its initial phase of growth.journal article10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<1071:LDDNEI>2.3.CO;22-s2.0-84879881149https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84879881149