2023-01-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/700277隨著氣候變遷的影響與工商業的發展，廢污水處理觀念已從管末處理轉為循環型的水再生與能資源回收程序。本計畫將厭氧生物膜反應器(AnMBR)和液流式電容去離子技術(FCDI)結合，鏈結水資源與能源，並配合材料製備技術，達到永續水資源處理的目標。首先，AnMBR結合厭氧生物和膜分離程序，可有效降解廢污水中的有機污染物質，產生生質能(沼氣)，同時進行固液分離，提升出流水的水質，達到污水生物處理與能源回收的目標。惟AnMBR會產生高濃度營養鹽之出流水以及廢棄之生物污泥。因此，本計畫後續整合新穎、低耗能之FCDI技術，作為AnMBR後端的水再生程序。FCDI為流動電極之多通道電化學系統，使用流動式的碳電極材料，可克服傳統固定式電極的限制，另使用具選擇性的電極，則可進一步回收水中的營養鹽。在AnMBR產生之廢棄生物污泥，則以碳化/活化步驟，進行生物炭的高值化，製備衍生的電極材料，用於電化學儲能與電容去離子技術之中。整體而言，本計畫提出系統性的永續性處理概念，建立實驗室規模的AnMBR與FCDI的整合式系統，同步處理污水、產生生質能，以及進行水再生、營養鹽回收與污泥生物質高值化之工作，達到多重廢污水資源化之目的。本研究的成果可提供創新的廢污水處理概念，具有學術價值與應用發展潛力。 Rapid industrialization and climate change are pushing a paradigm shift in wastewater management from end-of-pipe treatment towards integrated resource recovery. Recently, sustainable water management has attracted much attention for reducing energy demands and environmental impacts, and simultaneously recovering resources from wastewaters (i.e., biogas energy, water reclamation, and nutrient recovery). In this present work, we first propose an integrated energy-efficient system by coupling anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) and flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) to double resource recovery from municipal wastewater. AnMBR, a combination of anaerobic treatment and membrane separation technology, has been considered as a new-generation biotechnology compared to conventional anaerobic process. By taking the advantages of membrane separation, AnMBR can enhance the water quality, and offers several advantages, such as high-quality permeate free of suspended solids and pathogen, a small footprint, low waste biosolids production and efficient biogas generation. The biogas can be used for digester heating, electricity generation, and recycled for fuel production, all of which can achieve energy recovery. However, there are still few shortcomings, such as the nutrient-rich permeate and the waste biomass residue. To deal with the AnMBR permeate, FCDI by employing flowable electrodes is considered as an advanced electrochemical desalination technology for wastewater reclamation and resource recovery. FCDI, regarded as a next-generation design of capacitive deionization (CDI), has been introduced for high-salinity desalination and requires a relatively lower energy demand as compared with the other conventional desalination technologies. Especially, by using the flow-electrode with extended electrode reservoirs, FCDI can overcome the drawbacks of the limited ion removal capacity and discontinuous operation of fixed electrodes. Moreover, selective removal and recovery of nutrients could be further achieved by utilizing the selective sorbent or modified carbon-based electrodes. To reuse the biosolid waste from AnMBR, the waste biomass can be further valorized into biochar. The utilization of biochar-derived porous carbon electrodes can be a promising approach for applications of energy storage and electrochemical water desalination. In this project, we propose an innovational implementation to couple AnMBR and FCDI as a water-energy system. Firstly, we will establish a lab-scale AnMBR to degrade the organic matter in wastewater, and at the same time to achieve energy recovery by biogas production. Secondly, the FCDI, which is driven by the energy generated from biogas, will be connected to AnMBR to simultaneously reclaim wastewater and recover nutrients. Thirdly, to solve the problem of sludge disposal of AnMBR, the waste biomass will be valorized to high value biochar, as a renewable and environmentally friendly carbon-based material. Through this innovational implementation plan, the results can provide possible future research directions and perspectives for a water-energy wastewater reclamation process with resource recovery.厭氧生物膜反應器;液流式電容去離子技術; 生質能; 永續性水再生; 廢水資源回收;Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; flow-electrode capacitive deionization; biogas energy; sustainable water reclamation; resource recovery from wastewater