CHIEN-CHING HUNGChen M.Y.SZU-MIN HSIEHHsiao C.F.WANG-HUEI SHENGSHAN-CHWEN CHANG2020-12-292020-12-2920050956-4624https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-18744416009&doi=10.1258%2f0956462053654230&partnerID=40&md5=05944a9ff5d2dbe440eab7159ac5ba59https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/535487We assessed the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and incidence of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in 844 non-haemophiliac HIV-infected patients in Taiwan between June 1994 and April 2003. Approximately 70% (69.3%) of them had a baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count of 200 × 106/L or less, and more than 70% (73.9%) having initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 10.2%, which did not differ with sex, age, route of transmission, birth inside or outside of Taiwan, or CD4+ lymphocyte stratifications. After a median observation duration of 603 days (range, 1-3264 days), 10 (1.2%) patients developed 11 episodes of TE after a median interval of 30 days (range, 1-941 days) between enrolment and diagnosis of TE, with an incidence of 0.59 per 100 person-years (PY) (95% confidence interval, 0.56-0.63 per 100 PY). We concluded that the incidence of TE of HIV-infected patients in Taiwan was lower than that reported in western countries because of a lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and use of antimicrobial prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy, although most of the patients were at the late stage of HIV infection.[SDGs]SDG3clindamycin; cotrimoxazole; proteinase inhibitor; pyrimethamine; RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor; adult; aged; antibiotic prophylaxis; article; disease association; encephalitis; female; highly active antiretroviral therapy; human; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; human tissue; infection risk; lymphocyte count; major clinical study; male; parasite incidence; prevalence; priority journal; seroprevalence; superinfection; Taiwan; toxoplasma encephalitis; Toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Taiwan; Toxoplasmosisjournal article10.1258/095646205365423015899084