2001-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/709459摘要：土壤的空間變異可概括分為系統性與隨機性變異。系統性變異為由於地形地貌的變化與土壤生成因子間的交互作用所造成之土壤性質的改變，而隨機性變異主要由於採樣或分析上的誤差所造成。因此，地形土序(toposequence)的變化在土壤空間變異的研究上非常重要。本研究選擇陽明山國家公園之大屯山至其西北邊低地平原為研究區域，第一年主要的研究目的為: (1)探討此地形土序中不同土壤類別之名稱與分佈; (2)探討此地形土序中典型灰燼土與典型極育土之土壤化育作用；(3)建立此地形土序之灰燼土與極育土之過渡土壤之化育作用。依海拔高度及可能的土壤分布，在截線路徑上採集7個土壤樣體，包括：(1)灰燼土(Andisols) 1個土壤樣體，海拔>700公尺；(2)灰燼土與極育土之過渡區4個土壤樣體(弱育土)，海拔100~700公尺；(3)極育土(Ultisols) 2個土壤樣體，海拔<100公尺。研究結果顯示，本研究區地形土序的變化為：海拔高度>700公尺為簡育濕潤灰燼土(Haplud- and)，440-700公尺為灰燼型低鹽基濕潤弱育土(Andic Dystrudept)，100-440公尺為典型低鹽基濕潤弱育<br> Abstract: The soil spatial variability generally included systematic and random variability. Soil systematic variability is attributing to the change of soils located at the different geomorphic positions and their interaction between soils and forming factors. Random variability is attributing to unrecognized differences of these parameters, as well as the errors of sampling and laboratory analyses. The soil variations in toposequence are very important to study the soil spatial variability. This study area was located at the Tatung Mountain and their Northwestern area which located in the Yangmingshan National Park. Seven pedons were sampled along transect which the elevation ranged from 800 to 100 meters. The objectives of this project in the 1st year are (1) to recognize the soil distribution and their variations along this toposequence; (2) to investigate the pedogenic process of typical Andisols and Ultisols; and (3) to establish the pedogenic process of transitional Inceptisols between Andisols and Ultisols. The sampling sites have been divided into three regions, including one typical Andisols located at the summit which the elevation is >700m, two typical Ultisols located at the toeslope position which the elevation is <100 m, and other four transitional soils of Andisols and Ultisols which located at the backslope position that the elevation is between 100 to 700 m. The results of this study indicted that four kinds of soils were distinguished along these toposequence, including Acrudoxic Hapludand (elevation >700m), Andic Dystrudept (elevation 440 ~700m), Typic Dystrudept (elevation 100~400m), and Typic Paleudult (elevation <100 m). The transitional soils between Andisol and Ultisols are characterized with the significant increasing on bulk density, reduced amorphous materials, lower phosphate retention, and increased clay content. The results of this study suggest that six pedogenesis indices maybe useful, including soil texture, soil consistence, bulk density, phosphate retention, Alo+1/2Feo(%) and Sio(%), for identification of the transitional soils between Andisols and Ultisols in the study area.地形土序灰燼土極育土弱育土土壤化育作用土壤化育作用指標因子ToposequenceAndisolsUltisolsInceptisolsPedogenesisPedogenic index