指導教授:陳國在臺灣大學:工程科學及海洋工程學研究所劉廸遠Liu, Ti-YuanTi-YuanLiu2014-11-252018-06-282014-11-252018-06-282014http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/260937本研究主要探討聲音經過槽孔型結構時,因其相關的幾何參數對聲音衰減的影響。本文以聲場模擬軟體為平台,共振腔體積為參數,設計出可變腔體的共鳴型消音器,並針對槽孔型圓管進行非耦合情況下的穩定流場分析。 實際進行管道消音或消音器設計時,通常會在管道內部或隔板上設計許多孔洞來減少流體的阻力及增加消音的效果。也因為這些小孔的存在,導致有限元素網格建模的困難。本文使用傳遞導納的觀念,間接模擬這些小孔的存在,故於建模時可以忽略這些小孔。因此,進行聲學計算時,在穿孔板兩側邊的網格間,定義這種傳遞導納的關係,藉此模擬這些穿孔板的小孔。 本文對不同共振腔體的消音器進行模擬及實驗分析,結果顯示,隨著共振腔體積增加,消音器的主要消音頻帶會往低頻移動。而本文也發現,同時使用兩個共振腔體,消音器的消音性能有疊加效果;即單一腔體只能消除某一頻率的噪音,同時使用雙腔體便能消除兩個不同頻率的噪音。This study is to concentrate on the influence of structure parameters on the acoustic attenuation when the sound passes through perforated muffler. This study is to use acoustic simulation package as basis and the chamber of silencer as parameter to design some resonant muffler with variable-chamber, and make acoustic simulation on a perforated duct in an uncoupled steady fluid flow. In actual duct silencer or muffler design, the design is adopt a lot of holes to reduce the internal resistance of the fluid or increase attenuating effect. Due to the existence of holes, it resulting in difficulties in modeling finite element mesh. This study uses the concept of transfer admittance, which indirectly simulates these small holes such that being neglected while modeling. Therefore, in order to simulate those holes of perforated plate, the relationship of transfer admittances among the side edges of perforated plate grid must be defined when making acoustic calculation in progress. This study makes simulation and experiment for various chamber. The result of study shows that when the volume of chamber of muffler becomes greater, its main effectiveness will exist at lower frequency. Meanwhile, this study also found that, while two chambers of different types are used in the silencer, the performance of silencer have synergistic effects. That means one chamber eliminates a single frequency noise, but dual chambers can eliminate noises at different frequency.誌謝 I 摘要 II ABSTRACT III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1前言 1 1-2研究目的 3 1-3文獻回顧 4 1-4論文架構 6 第二章 理論與文獻回顧 7 2-1研究背景 7 2-1-1消音器的定義 7 2-1-2消音器的種類 7 2-1-3消音能力指標 8 2-2聲學波動方程式 12 2-2-1聲波連續方程式 12 2-2-2聲波狀態方程式 13 2-2-3聲波運動方程式 14 2-2-4聲波波動方程式 16 2-3 HELMHOLTZ原理 18 2-4聲學有限元素法 19 2-5邊界條件 20 第三章 研究方法與設備 22 3-1研究方法 22 3-1-1傳遞導納(Transfer Admittance)引言 22 3-1-2傳遞導納理論(Transfer Admittance Theory) 22 3-2模擬軟體 26 3-3實驗設備 27 1.消音器規格 27 2.訊號產生器(Function Generator) 29 3.頻譜分析儀(Signal Analyzer) 29 4.主要聲源(Primary Source) 30 5.電容式麥克風(Condenser Microphone) 30 3-4模擬計算流程 31 3-5實驗配置 34 3-6實驗步驟 35 3-7實際測試 36 第四章 模擬與實驗結果分析 37 4-1模擬結果 37 4-2實驗結果 44 4-3模擬與實驗結果比較 51 第五章 結論與未來展望 54 5-1結論 54 5-2未來展望 55 參考文獻 565299661 bytesapplication/pdf論文公開時間:2014/07/29論文使用權限:同意有償授權(權利金給回饋學校)傳遞損失共鳴型消音器有限元素法傳遞導納可變腔體可變腔體槽孔型設計於管道聲場之消音性能分析Analysis on the Acoustic Performance for the design of Changeable Chamber in Ductthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/260937/1/ntu-103-R01525072-1.pdf