Kuo, Fei-YingFei-YingKuoTZAI-HUNG WEN2024-04-252024-04-2520232296-2565https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/642039Containment and closure policies are effective measures used in the early stages of a highly transmissible global pandemic such as COVID-19 to mitigate the spread and reduce transmissions. However, these policies can have negative impacts on the economy and personal freedom. Governments must carefully consider the necessity of increasing their stringency. Local contexts and priorities regarding domestic disease outbreaks and the risk of imported cases from other countries may vary among different countries, and could influence the decision to increase containment measures. Thus, this study aimed to differentiate the impacts of these affecting factors on the stringency of governmental containment measures through cross-continental comparisons.endomestic disease outbreaks; governmental containment measures; imported risk; non-pharmaceutical interventions; stringency index[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147768370330492-s2.0-85151982129https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85151982129