2013-11-262024-05-15https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/663418摘要：低衝擊開發為透過貯存、滲透、蒸發及延遲逕流，並以生態系統為根基的暴雨水管理方法，目的為以減少污染逕流的發生以及土地開發的環境衝擊。LID源自美國，在國際上已推廣多年，應用上較為廣泛，在台灣還沒有真正形成，目前僅有個別之LID開發技術，如雨水桶、綠屋頂等，但減碳、節能、減少暴雨逕流和延遲峰值等的效果尚未完整評估。 LID所採用的技術包括：生態滯留或雨水花園(Bio-Retention)、樹箱過濾設施(Tree Box Filters)、透水鋪面(Permeable Pavers)、土壤改良(Soil Amendments)、綠屋頂(Green Roofs)、雨水桶或蓄水池(Rain Barrels, Cisterns)等。為了增加出流時間與降低洪峰及總逕流量，LID設施成本相對較低，且可帶來其他非常重要的附加價值，如涵養水源、美化城市、改善生態環境及降低都市熱島效應等。因考量可具體量化之數據，本計畫將以水環境改善效益為優先探討之標的。 為使友善環境導入都市設計與國家公園遊憩區之開發，藉由本計畫研擬「水環境低衝擊開發設施操作手冊」，將LID概念引入未來國內土地開發與公共營建工程，降低開發對自然之衝擊，也將公共安全與生態保育疑慮降到最低。更重要的是建立如何評估LID的流程與指標，做為國內工程界執行或公務機關評估之參考標準。 此外，手冊當中將分別以淡海新市鎮及陽明山國家公園馬槽遊憩區(遊一)為示範案例。淡海新市鎮位處中低海拔之山坡地，擁有豐富之生態環境、人文風貌及山海景觀，因此，本署將淡海新市鎮規劃成以尊重生態、強化防災滯洪、節能減碳、重視人本等思維為主的開發，因此有必要以LID之規劃理念，融合當前生態、低碳、永續、防災、新興策略產業等思維，打造該新市鎮成為我國都市建設的典範。另外，陽明山國家公園是為了保護自然、人文遺產的自然演替與永續傳承而劃設，自更應以友善環境方式進行開發，因此擬以陽明山國家公園馬槽遊憩區(遊一)為例，在確認災害潛勢區和環境敏感區後，探討如何將LID導入之方式。 <br> Abstract: Low-impact development (LID) is a term used in Canada and the United States to describe a land planning and engineering design approach to managing stormwater runoff. It begin as an alternative to traditional stormwater best management practices (BMPs) installed at construction projects. LID emphasizes conservation and use of on-site natural features to improve management of runoff and protect water quality. This approach implements engineered small-scale hydrologic controls to replicate the pre-development hydrologic regime of watersheds through infiltrating, filtering, storing, evaporating, and detaining runoff close to its source.The LID design approach has received support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and is being promoted as a method to help meet goals of the Clean Water Act. Various local, state, and federal agency programs have adopted LID requirements in land development codes and implemented them in public works projects. LID techniques can also play an important role in Green infrastructure land use planning. Planners select structural LID practices for an individual site in consideration of the site`s land use, hydrology, soil type, and climate and rainfall patterns. There are many variations on these LID practices, and some practices may not be suitable for a given site. Many are practical for retrofit or site renovation projects, as well as for new construction. Frequently used practices include: Bioretention cells, also known as rain gardens、Tree Box Filters、Permeable Pavers、Soil Amendments、Green Roofs、Rain Barrels/Cisterns.Commercially manufactured stormwater management devices that capture pollutants (e.g., media filters) and aid in on-site infiltration. This project will edit “Low-Impact Development Criteria Manual” It will include the design procedure and criteria of LID facilitates as introduced at pre- paragraph. This project will promote low-impact development concept while building structure and urban planning procedure. Furthermore, the manual also includes two demonstrations in New Towns of Tamsui and Macao Recreation Area in Yangmingshan National Park. These cases will demonstrate how to implement low-impact development facilitates in land-development project.低衝擊開發暴雨管理貯存滲透延遲逕流Low impact developmentbest management practicesinfiltrating