DUEN-MIN DENGLee, Kok YongKok YongLee2021-03-162021-03-162021-1200397857https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/553000© 2021, Springer Nature B.V. We construct a causal-modeling semantics for both indicative and counterfactual conditionals. As regards counterfactuals, we adopt the orthodox view that a counterfactual conditional is true in a causal model M just in case its consequent is true in the submodel M∗, generated by intervening in M, in which its antecedent is true. We supplement the orthodox semantics by introducing a new manipulation called extrapolation. We argue that an indicative conditional is true in a causal model M just in case its consequent is true in certain submodels M∗, generated by extrapolating M, in which its antecedent is true. We show that the proposed semantics can account for some important minimal pairs nicely and naturally. We also prove a theorem showing under what conditions intervention and extrapolation will yield the same result, and thus explain how counterfactual and indicative conditionals would behave in a causal-modeling semantics.Causal models | Conditionals | Counterfactual conditionals | Extrapolation | Indicative conditionals | Intervention | Semanticsjournal article10.1007/s11229-020-02966-92-s2.0-85098792854https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/541347