LUAN-YIN CHANGCHIN-YUN LEECHUAN-LIANG KAOFang T.-Y.CHUN-YI LUPING-ING LEELI-MIN HUANG2020-07-032020-07-0320070929-6646https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/508029Sixteen cases from the 1980-1981 Taiwan outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) associated with central nervous system involvement were identified: nine had polio-like syndrome, four had encephalitis or encephalomyelitis, one had cerebellitis, and two had aseptic meningitis. They all had fever, five (31%) had documented myoclonic jerk, and 15 (93%) had HFMD. Their mean blood leukocyte count was 12,490/μL, and five (31%) had leukocytosis (> 15,000/μL); mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte count was 156/μL, CSF protein was 57 mg/dL and CSF glucose was 57 mg/dL. Two patients with HFMD plus encephalitis died within 1 day of hospitalization, and one of them had acute cardiopulmonary failure mimicking myocarditis. Twenty years later, at least one male patient had sequelae of polio-like syndrome and was therefore exempted from military service. Clinical severity was comparable to the 1998 EV71 epidemic. ? 2007 Elsevier & Formosan Medical Association.[SDGs]SDG3glucose; protein; article; aseptic meningitis; cardiopulmonary insufficiency; central nervous system disease; cerebellum disease; cerebrospinal fluid analysis; clinical article; disease association; disease severity; encephalitis; encephalomyelitis; epidemic; female; fever; hand foot and mouth disease; hospitalization; human; leukocyte count; leukocytosis; male; military service; mortality; myocarditis; myoclonus; poliomyelitis; preschool child; protein cerebrospinal fluid level; Taiwanjournal article10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60236-9173391642-s2.0-33847775793