2018-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/683982摘要：高科技廠房為台灣賴以維生之經濟命脈，但在地震的侵襲下，生產機具與設備過大的位移或受損，往往導致難以計數之經濟損失，因此本研究著重研發設備物之隔震系統，使使在中、小地震作用下，生產線能快速復原，而在大地震作用下，生產機組與設備不至於損壞，增進整體產線對地震災害之韌性。一般為了達到良好耐震性能，許多研究學者採用了摩擦型的隔震裝置，放置於整體隔震機台的支承處；然而，這樣的控制手段，於強震作用下，為求較高的隔震性能，往往需要較大的位移容許量。然而，過大位移需求，可能因空間的受限，往往必須犧牲性能而更改設計，或額外加裝其他的消能裝置，如黏滯阻尼器。又因黏滯阻尼器之非線性特性，為考慮大地震作用下之性能而設計，通常容易導致在中、小地震作用下，造成過大的阻尼力，而未完全發揮隔震該有之性能。因此，本研究擬研發幾何非線性設備物隔震系統，使在中、小地震時，位移較小情況下，阻尼器提供隔震平台之阻尼相對較小，有效發揮隔震裝置原有之效能；而在大地震時，位移較大情況下，阻尼器提供隔震平台之阻尼相對較大，可有效控制隔震層位移。本計畫考慮採三年進行，第一年主要研發正交式幾何非線性設備物隔震系統，該阻尼器初始位置與隔震平台運動方向正交，研究中包含開發非線性隔震系統之各種分析手段，可觀察動力行為、動力特性、能量消散及性能，且基於非線性隨機振動理論，提出一套完整之設計方法，最後透過實驗的手段，驗證與確認其性能。第二年主要研發非正交式幾何非線性設備物隔震系統，該阻尼器或氣壓致動器初始位置與隔震平台運動方向斜交，研究中將透過參數分析，了解該隔震系統之行為，藉由非線性隨機振動理論與多目標最佳化演算法，決定隔震系統之相關設計參數，並配合階段式混合模擬之研發，實驗驗證該隔震系統之性能，確認該系統對地震之韌性(resilience)。第三年將著重於半主動幾何非線性設備物隔震系統之研發，將黏滯阻尼器換成磁流變阻尼器，研究中利用前兩年所研發之分析、設計方法，配置磁流變阻尼器，藉由古典控制理論及神經模糊理論，設計自適應半主動控制方法，最後透過階段式混合模擬與足尺振動台實驗，驗證半主動隔震系統之控制效益。本研究之成果將有助於高科技廠房之設備物，在受地震作用下，藉由幾何非線性設備隔震系統受到保護。<br> Abstract: Seismic impact on high-tech fabrication factories in Taiwan is a critical and challenging problem. During earthquake events, the manufacturing machines may displace or may be damaged, resulting in substantially economic loss. This research thus aims at developing a protection strategy for equipment against earthquakes. The equipment can be quickly recovered in a minor or moderate seismic event, while the equipment will be undamaged with a certain level of resilience during a severe earthquake. One of the solution is to install friction-type isolation bearings underneath equipment. To avoid excessive displacements at isolation layers, energy dissipation devices, i.e., viscous dampers, can be employed along with the isolation bearings. These additional viscous dampers can significantly improve seismic performance at the design level; however, the viscous dampers may induce unfavorable damping during a minor or moderate seismic event. Therefore, this research proposes a geometrically nonlinear isolation system for equipment that the objective is to better lower equipment accelerations and to significantly mitigate isolation displacements in a low- and high-level seismic event, respectively. This research project is expected to be three years long. In the first year, the focus is to develop a damped isolation system with initially orthogonal dampers for equipment. An analysis suite will be developed and applied to carry out a parametric study for the isolation system. A design method will be established based on the nonlinear random vibration theory. Subsequently, this damped isolation system will be experimentally validated and evaluated in terms of control performance. In the second year, the research will focus on developing another type of damped isolation system with angled dampers for equipment. In addition to viscous damper, a pneumatic damper will be considered in the isolation system. The associated design parameters will be studied through the developed analysis suite in order to understand dynamic behavior, dynamic characteristics, dissipated energy, and control performance of the isolation system. The multi-objective optimization will be exploited to determine the parameters that cannot be obtained from the random vibration based design method. Moreover, a phased hybrid simulation approach, which is implemented in real time, will be developed to sequentially examine the damped isolation system. This real-time hybrid simulation approach will allow detailed behavior, control performance, and resilient capacity to be investigated as well as benefit the isolation system for the parameter calibration and design. In the third year, a damped isolation system with semi-active control devices, i.e., magnetorheological (MR) dampers, for equipment will be developed. This semi-actively damped isolation system will be first explored through the developed analysis suite. The MR dampers will be also configured in accordance with previously developed design method. Then, the classical control theory and neuro-fuzzy control method will be utilized to develop an adaptive semi-active control method. Consequently, the phased hybrid simulation approach will be employed to investigate and assess performance of the semi-actively damped isolation system, while shaking table testing will be conducted to validate all kinds of damped isolation systems. As a result, the facilities in high-tech fabrication factories can be effectively protected during earthquakes.幾何非線性設備物隔震系統非線性隨機振動多目標最佳化自適應半主動控制神經模糊控制階段式混合模擬geometrically nonlinear damped equipment isolation systemnonlinear random vibrationsmulti-objective optimizationadaptive semi-active control methodneuro-fuzzy controlphased hybrid simulation approach