2009-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/694270摘要：台灣地區的鐵公路建設中，橋梁系統佔有相當大的比例，在這樣地狹人稠的環境因素底下，未來都會區更會朝著高架化的方向去發展，因此要如何選擇適當的橋梁形式便是非常重要的一環。橋梁結構設計分為初步設計及細部設計兩個部分。初步設計主要是決定橋梁材料分步的位置，在已知設計領域中決定橋梁平面、立面、橋長、橋寬、以及跨度分配、結構形式等資料。在初步設計完成之後，接下來就要決定橋梁的斷面尺寸、預拉力等詳細的結構設計資料。現在實務上的橋梁設計大多參照過去的經驗配合規範作為設計依據，在初步設計及細部設計的資料決定上若使用過去的工程經驗加以挑選，可能因為沒有經過反覆的計算檢查，並不能真正的選擇到最適合且最經濟有效的尺寸，而造成材料使用上的浪費，大幅的提高了工程造價，這不是橋梁興建時所樂見的。 有鑑於橋梁在初步設計及細部設計階段的內容多由經驗決定，為了增加橋梁的經濟性，本研究將擴充本研究團隊所開發之最佳化系統，配合有限元素商業軟體，將橋梁設計的種種參數列入最佳化設計變數中，在初步設計利用拓樸最佳化決定材料分佈位置，在細部設計利用尺寸、幾何、預拉力最佳化決定詳細設計參數，利用電腦反覆運算分析得到用量最省、工程造價最低且均滿足所有限制條件下，最經濟的橋梁形式及使用材料、斷面、預拉力的資料，以提升橋梁實務施做時的便利與準確，期望帶給橋梁設計者一套完整橋梁結構最佳化之系統。<br> Abstract: Bridge system occupies a great portion in railways and highways of our country. Because of the crowed environment, elevated bridges are often used to meet the urban development. How to choose a proper structure type of bridges becomes an important issue in the future. The structure design of bridges is divided into two phases: initial design and detail design. Initial design is to decide the length, span, height, width and structure type of a bridge. After the initial design, one has to determine the cross section and prestress strength details of the bridge. In these days, bridge design is often carried out by making use of the past experience. When using the parameters from previous experience for a new bridge without iterative calculations, the optimal design may not be found. This results in extra use of material, which in turn raises the cost of the construction. This is what we do not want to see in the bridge design. This research aims at extending the optimal design system developed by our group to optimal bridge design. The optimal system uses finite element commercial packages as analysis engine and can be used efficiently to find the optimal parameters needed in bridge design. In the initial design phase, topology optimization will be used to find the structure (bridge) appearance. In the detailed design, sizing, geometry and prestress optimization will be used to decide the design details. Finally the bridge optimization system, consisting of both the initial and detailed phases, will be developed to help the designers to find the bridge structure which is the most economical while satisfies all design constraints.橋梁結構最佳化設計有限元素商業軟體最佳化系統開發bridge structureoptimal designfinite element commercial packagesoptimization system development