MONG-WEI LINJIN-SHING CHEN2021-10-082021-10-0820162072-1439https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84995785855&doi=10.21037%2fjtd.2016.09.71&partnerID=40&md5=ac3eea0a30f10e2e2ff8cb09f178011fhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/584342Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening has increased the detection rate for small pulmonary nodules with ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the peripheral lung parenchyma. Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery for these lung nodules is challenging for thoracic surgeons, and image-guided preoperative localization is mandatory for their successful resection. Image-guided localization methods primarily include two imaging tools: computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy. These different methods may use different localized materials, including hookwires, dyes, microcoils, fiducial markers, contrast media, and radiotracers. Ultrasonography and near-infrared imaging are also used for intraoperative localization of lung lesions. In this article, we review different localization techniques and discuss their indications and limitations. ? Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.[SDGs]SDG3contrast medium; dye; tracer; bronchoscopy; computer assisted tomography; disease marker; echography; electromagnetic field; endoscopic surgery; hookwire; human; image display; imaging system; intraoperative period; low energy radiation; lung lesion; lung nodule; lung parenchyma; medical device; microcoil; minimally invasive surgery; nonhuman; operating room; preoperative evaluation; Review; surgeon; surgical navigation system; thoracoscopy; tumor localization; tumor volume; video assisted thoracoscopic surgeryreview10.21037/jtd.2016.09.712-s2.0-84995785855