2012-01-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/649735摘要： 全球氣候溫暖化的趨勢，使得台灣遭受嚴重的蚊蟲孳擾與蚊媒傳染病威脅。長期密集使用化學藥劑來毒殺蚊蟲已經使得蚊蟲產生嚴重的抗藥性。本研究主要利用台灣本土的橈足類劍水蚤來進行蚊幼蟲防治，以發展一個兼具簡單、作用專一性高、蚊蟲不會產生抗藥性、可節省噴藥費用和大量人力等優點的新型式生物性誘卵滅幼方法，以達到病媒蚊族群控制的終極目標。本研究規劃為三年期，第一年成果已確認南台灣嘉南高高屏地區有高捕食性橈足類劍水蚤，並且利用鏡檢和分子生物學方法確認無攜帶具病原性寄生蟲，這些劍水蚤對現行殺蟲藥劑的感受性低，已於實驗室和野外建立穩定的劍水蚤培養系統和種源庫資料。基於第一年豐富的劍水蚤採樣資料庫，本年度擬深入建立台灣新紀錄之劍水蚤基礎生物學資料，以健全未來之實務應用之開展。同時透過空間地理資訊系統之方法，整理分析劍水蚤之分布地點、病媒蚊聚集區、歷年本土登革陽性個案或群聚資料，以探討相對應的交互關係及可以應用劍水蚤的據點。自第一年建立之中大型人工容器資料庫中擇選代表性的監測站，綜合大環境氣候因子和水環境物理因子，全面監測施放劍水蚤後中大型人工容器內的劍水蚤適存能力，以及蚊蟲幼蟲數量之動態變化，進而評估橈足類劍水蚤於地下室積水和陽性水溝環境中實地應用的成效。本研究內容包含基礎生物學特性、研究室驗設計分析和實務應用的可行性評估，這種生態友善的生物防制方法，長期施行不僅能達成病媒管制的目的，降低疾病傳播的風險，還能兼顧生物多樣性而達到環境永續的精神。<br> Abstract: The concern on the emergence of various arthropod-borne pathogens in Taiwan increased over the past few years due to the trend of global warming. The current vector control strategy relies on the use of chemical pesticides, which are highly likely to induce resistance among the vector populations. The goal of the proposed research is to evaluate the potential of utilizing the indigenous freshwater copepods in Taiwan for the vector control through the predation of the larvae population. The significance of the proposed research is expected to develop the biological control strategies with lower cost, better specificity and negligible possibility of resistance. In the first year of the proposed three-year research, the laboratory colonies of highly predatory copepods have been established and screened for the presence of pathogenic parasites with microscopic examination and molecular detection. Current evidence further suggests the limited sensitivity to various pesticides among the copepod species. Based on the success in the establishment of the laboratory colonies and the database on the copepod species in the field, the research in the second year will focus on the characterization of the newly identified or novel copepod species in Taiwan and the integration of the available geographic distribution of various copepod species with the database of epidemiological information on the locations of reported and clustered dengue fever cases as well as the distribution of disease vectors. The results of such characterization and analyses will provide the crucial parameters on the choice of locations of the release of the copepod species. Along with other climate and hydrological information, the outcomes of the proposed research will assist the optimization of the efficiency of such biological control strategy. The proposed research is of great importance for the future application of copepod species to the biological control of disease vectors in the field, such as basement and gutter. Additionally, the outcomes of such research can also be used as ideal materials for the biology and life science education for the public health intervention of mosquito-borne diseases. In summary, the proposed research consists of the basic biological characterization of Cyclopid Copepods, the experimental design to test the existing hypothesis, the evaluation of the potential vector control strategies. Such control strategies can further improve the sustainability and maintain the bio-diversity whilst pursuing the goal of disease control.橈足類劍水蚤登革熱病媒蚊CyclopidCopepodsDengue fevervector