Huang Y.-L.Yang M.-C.CHI-HSIANG HUANGCHING-CHIA WANGEN-TING WUSHU-CHIEN HUANGSHIANN-TANG JOUJIN-SHING CHENKo W.-J.2020-03-112020-03-1120100749-5161https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77951179993&doi=10.1097%2fPEC.0b013e3181d6daf0&partnerID=40&md5=68fab6732f939919e2c23ddc817cb5abhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/475380Background: Anterior mediastinal tumors in pediatric patients may cause severe cardiorespiratory compromise and sudden collapse, especially when anesthesia or analgesic is required. Method: We report a 15-year-old boy with a huge anterior mediastinal tumor that caused complete obliteration of right pulmonary artery and left bronchus, that is, complete ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Cardiopulmonary collapse happened after meperidine injection, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was instituted. Results: We then put bronchial stents to restore airway patency and proceeded chemotherapy under ECMO support. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was removed 40 hours later. However, the patient died of neutropenic sepsis 9 days after admission. Conclusions: We emphasized the devastating consequences of anterior mediastinal tumor compression on the pulmonary artery and the contralateral-side bronchus and the use of ECMO as a rescue. Copyright ? 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.[SDGs]SDG3cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; methylprednisolone; pethidine; vincristine sulfate; adolescent; artery occlusion; article; bleeding; bronchus obstruction; cardiopulmonary hemodynamics; cardiopulmonary insufficiency; case report; cause of death; extracorporeal oxygenation; fatality; human; lung ventilation perfusion ratio; male; mediastinum tumor; neutropenia; pulmonary artery; septic shock; stent; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Airway Obstruction; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Bronchi; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Meperidine; Pulmonary Artery; Stentsjournal article10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181d6daf0203864162-s2.0-77951179993