陳少傑Chen, Sao-Jie臺灣大學:電子工程學研究所杜欣怡Tu, Hsin-YiHsin-YiTu2010-07-142018-07-102010-07-142018-07-102009U0001-2907200916144800http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/189231摘　要著可攜式以及適用於多規格電子產品應用需求的增加，促進了低電壓供應及低功率消耗電路的設計趨勢，本論文的重點在於描述如何設計以及實現一個適用於無線接收器中的類比基頻濾波器。因此，在論文中，我們介紹了一個可以應用在多重規格直接降頻接收器的五階Butterworth轉導電容低通濾波器。文中的連續時間低通濾波器基於一個可調整的轉導工作放大器(OTA)使其頻寬可從2.2MHz操作至10MHz，而此轉導放大器藉由一個調整電壓控制其轉導值達到濾波器頻寬的選取。除此之外，本篇論文中，我們還實現了一個應用振幅鎖定迴路理論的頻率調整電路來補償製程偏移所造成的錯誤，在這樣的濾波器設計之下，此濾波器的頻寬範圍適用於IEEE 802.11a/b/g以及WCDMA等規格，如此設計藉由接收器電路的分享，不僅可以達到節省晶片面積的好處，還可以用同一晶片應用在多重規格的接收器中，達到一舉兩得的效果。五階低通濾波器以及頻率調整電路採用了台積電0.13微米的製程製造，並且使用台積電提供的0.13微米製程資料搭配Cadence軟體SPECTRE的使用進行電路模擬。在此設計下，可達到10MHz的頻寬應用在IEEE 802.11a/b/g的規格中，並在1.2伏特電源供應下消耗4.1毫瓦；在WCDMA頻寬為2.5MHz的規格中，消耗了4毫瓦，晶片面積大小為890µm×750µm。Abstractorhe growing demand of portable and multi-standard electronic applications has been encouraging the trend to design circuits with very low power supply voltage and low power consumption. This Thesis describes the design and implementation of analog baseband filter for wireless communication receivers. A 5th-order Butterworth transconductance-C (Gm-C) low-pass channel filter for a multi-standard direct-conversion receiver is presented. his continuous-time low-pass filter can operate in a range of -3dB frequencies from 0.9MHz to 11.2MHz with its tunable operational tansconductance amplifier (OTA). The transconductance can be tuned for a certain filter bandwidth by controlling the tuning voltage. Furthermore, a frequency tuning circuit based on magnitude locked loop is implemented for compensating the process variation. In this filter design, the tuning range is required to satisfy the specifications of IEEE 802.11a/b/g and WCDMA. he 5th-order LPF with a frequency tuning loop is fabricated in 0.13 µm TSMC CMOS process technology. The power consumption is 4.1mW with the cutoff frequency of 10MHz under a 1.2 V supply voltage for IEEE 802.11a/b/g. On the other hand, the power consumption is 4mW with the cutoff frequency of 2.5MHz under a 1.2 V supply voltage for WCDMA. The chip area is 890µm?750µm.TABLE OF CONTENTSBSTRACT iIST OF FIGURES viiIST OF TABLES xiHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Thesis Overview 2HAPTER 2 OVER VIEW OF FILTERS 3.1 Direct-Conversion Receiver 3.2 Filter Specifications 4.3 Filter Type Selection 5.4 Filter Topology 6.5 Filter Realization 8.5.1 Active RC Filter 8.5.2 MOSFET-C Filter 9.5.3 Gm-C Filter 10HAPTER 3 DESIGN OF OTA 13.1 Introduction to OTA Properties 13.2 Elementary OTA Building Blocks 14.2.1 Resistor 14.2.2 Gyrator 15.3 Analysis of The Proposed OTA Structure 17.3.1 Basic Operation of Proposed OTA 21.3.2 Detail Analysis of Proposed OTA 25.4 Simulation Results 29HAPTER 4 DESIGN OF GM-C FILTER 37.1 Filter Implementation 37.1.1 Passive RLC Ladder Filter 37.1.2 LC Gm-C Filter 40.2 Simulation Results 43HAPTER 5 AUTOMATIC TUNING SYSTEM 49.1 Principles of Automatic Tuning 49.1.1 Direct-Tuning 49.1.2 Switching-Filter Tuning 50.1.3 Master-Slave Tuning 51.2 Frequency Tuning Methods 52.2.1 Phase Locked Loop 52.2.2 Tuning Method Based on Charge Comparison 53.2.3 Magnitude Locked Loop 55.3 Implementation of Frequency Tuning System 56.3.1 Single to Differential Converter 58.3.2 Gm-C Integrator 59.3.3 Peak Detector 61.3.4 Comparator 65.3.5 Unit-gain Buffer 66.4 Simulation Results 67HAPTER 6 MEASUREMENT PLAN 73.1 Measurement Preparations 73.2 Measurement Results 78HAPTER 7 CONCLUSION 87.1 Conclusion 87.2 Future Work 87EFERENCE 89PPENDIX A LC LADDER ANALYSIS 93PPENDIX B NETWORK SCALING 97PPENDIX C DETAILS CIRCUIT DESIGNS 1011830081 bytesapplication/pdfen-USButterworth低通濾波器轉導-電容無線接收器Low-pass FilterTransconductance-CGm-CWireless Receiverthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/189231/1/ntu-98-R96943071-1.pdf