張錦華臺灣大學:新聞研究所林育如Lin, Yu-JuYu-JuLin2007-11-272018-06-282007-11-272018-06-282006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/58317過去關於公共領域及溝通理性的研究,多強調理性態度、真實內容等公共溝通的外在特質,卻仍無法解釋「為何溝通無法達成有效說服?」,此正是本研究之主要問題意識。本研究從Habermas的相互主體性、Taylor的相互指涉、Arendt的想像力及Vico的共通感受等概念中,試圖建構「親密關係」的理論架構,探討說話者如何使公共說服更為可能。 本研究採用「新亞里斯多德批評」的語藝觀點,從「外在語藝策略」及「內在論辯結構」兩面向,檢驗「移民說」之三項語藝策略。本研究發現,「移民說」一案之語藝策略,包括:「因果邏輯╱公共論述策略」、「否認╱受害者策略」及「延伸╱超越策略」。此案呈現之溝通品質是「理性卻不合理」,不但未完全符合溝通理性的四項要求,更由於缺乏想像力、共通感受等親密關係的特質,以致無法與聆聽者達成共識,甚至引發更激烈的衝突及抗議行動。 本研究認為,若說話者欲喚起聆聽者的情感及認同,則僅有「理性」的論述內容是不足以發揮說服效果。說話者必須展現想像力、共通感受等溝通特質,才能降低說話者本身主觀判斷的偏狹性,進而說服聆聽者採取行動。In the past, researches often make great emphasis on external characteristics of public sphere, such as rational attitudes and truthful contents. However, these can not explain “why doesn’t communication produce persuasion?” This question is the main problematic in this research paper. With analysis of how to make public persuasion work better, this research is meant to construct a “theory of intimacy,” which is based on intersubjectivity by J. Habermas, inter-referring by C. Taylor, imagination by H. Arendt, and sensus communis by G. Vico. Based on rhetoric theory of neo-Aristotelian criticism, this study contains analysis of “theory of emigration” with external rhetoric strategy and internal argumentative structure. The rhetoric strategy of “theory of emigration” is a logic/public, denial/victim, and bolstering/transcendence. The communication quality in this issue was rational but not reasonable. First, it does not include the communicative rationality. Second, it contradicts common consensus of listeners because of the lack of imagination and sensus communis. Naturally, instead of making persuasion, it aroused serious conflicts and protests. The conclusion is: if a speaker would like to search for the audience’s feelings and recognition with speech, rationality is not enough. To induce the subjective impartiality and to make the audience take actions, the speaker must develop effective communication skills, such as using imagination and sensus communis.目 錄 第一章 研究緣起......................................1 第二章 概念脈絡.........................................4 第一節 語藝觀點:新亞里斯多德批評........................4 第二節 公共領域與溝通理性...............................9 第三節 「親密關係」 (intimacy)概念 ...................12 壹、「親密關係」的概念起源...............................13 貳、相互主體性(intersubjectivity)......................15 參、相互指涉(inter-referring)..........................16 肆、想像力(imagination)................................17 伍、共通感受(sensus communis)..........................19 第四節 社會信任(social trust).........................21 第五節 多元文化(multiculturalism).....................22 壹、差異政治(politics of difference)...................23 貳、肯認政治(the politics of recognition)..............23 第三章 研究問題與分析架構..............................26 第一節 分析架構.........................................27 壹、外在語藝分析.........................................28 貳、內在論辯結構.........................................28 第二節 研究案例及樣本...................................29 第四章 「移民說」之媒體表現............................30 第一節 中國時報.........................................32 第二節 聯合報...........................................38 第三節 自由時報.........................................43 第四節 蘋果日報.........................................48 第五節 本章小結.........................................53 壹、平衡修辭.............................................53 貳、事實修辭.............................................56 參、中立修辭.............................................59 第六節 「移民說」之具體發言內容.........................60 第五章 外在語藝策略....................................64 第一節 雙重勾勒的演說者圖像............................64 第二節 語藝策略........................................67 第三節 溝通理性........................................73 第四節 本章小結........................................81 第六章 內在論辯結構....................................84 第一節 人格可信度的訴求:後設形象的相互主體性........84 第二節 理性訴求:邏輯辯證............................90 第三節 感性訴求:土地情感及個人處境..................94 第四節 本章小結......................................98 第七章 研究貢獻與研究限制.............................100 第一節 研究發現.....................................100 第二節 研究結論. ...................................106 第三節 研究貢獻.....................................110 第四節 研究限制與建議...............................111 參考文獻 ...............................................112 附錄一:「移民說」之相關報導時程........................127 附錄二:各報新聞標題及消息來源.........................130431954 bytesapplication/pdfen-US公共領域溝通理性親密關係語藝策略移民說public spherecommunication rationalityintimacyrhetoric strategytheory of emigration[SDGs]SDG10從「親密關係」概念重建公共領域的溝通品質:以「移民說」為例“Theory of Intimacy”: Reconstruct the communicative quality of public sphereotherhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/58317/1/ntu-95-R92342010-1.pdf