2019-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/702241摘要：毛豆為臺灣重要之出口農產品，近五年之單年度外銷產值均超過二十億新臺幣，然目前對臺灣毛豆病害保護之研究，在實際應用及學理探討上仍待精進之處甚多。敝計畫將以五年時間，長期監測毛豆田間之病害與分子鑑定病原菌，以明瞭各病害對臺灣毛豆生產之影響。應用性研究另包括針對重要病害如造成根系腐朽之鐮孢菌與紅冠腐菌、以及豆莢壞疽之炭疽菌，將收集台灣現有及進口美國之毛豆種原，進行抗病篩選與全基因體關聯性定位分析，提高抗病育種之基礎；以及將針對危害毛豆豆莢外觀之炭疽菌，進行田間族群變分析及抗藥性檢測以評估抗藥性風險，並提供毛豆葉片與豆莢精準用藥之基礎。除此之外，學理性研究包括雜交致病力強與致病力弱之鐮孢菌以建構結合連鎖圖譜，以定位與猝死病葉部病徵之致病基因；並進行紅冠腐菌之基因體定序，以紅冠腐菌、主根腐朽菌、與多株猝死病鐮孢菌之比較基因體學研究法，尋找及功能性驗證造成猝死病葉部病徵之致病基因。敝計劃更將以前瞻角度切入研究鐮孢菌如何拮抗毛豆之根系共生菌群，而導致病害發生之分子機制，以發展同時利用「優化毛豆抗病性及其微生物群」而達到永續新農業之願景。<br> Abstract: Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important agricultural product of Taiwan, which has reached over $7 billion annual value in the past five years. The economic importance of edamame to Taiwan is beyond doubt, but many aspects in the applied and scholastic research regarding the impact of diseases on edamame production remain to be updated and improved. For the applied research program, the composition of diseases and pathogens in fields will be evaluated annually, and fungicide resistance screening will be conducted for leaf and pod anthracnose to refine the guidelines of fungicide application. Resistance screening for anthracnose, Fusarium root rot, and red crown rot in the edamame germplasms collected from Taiwan or the United States will be coupled with genome-wide association studies to understand the genetic architecture of the disease resistance. For the scholastic research program to study virulence mechanism toward edamame and its holobiont, a bi-parental crossing population will be generated to map for the virulence or phytotoxin genes associated with foliar symptoms of sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by a sexual reproducible fungus Fusarium tucumaniae. In addition, the genome of Calonectria pyrochroa, which causes red crown rot with foliar symptoms similar to SDS, will be sequenced to enable a comparative genomics study among C. pyrochroa and Fusarium species associated with SDS foliar symptoms. Additionally, RNA-Seq and amplicon sequencing will be used to evaluate the virulence mechanisms of Fusarium spp. on invading edamame roots to cause dysbiosis of a holobiont. The applied research outcomes from disease survey and germplasm screening will provide a long-term understanding in terms of pathogen composition, fungicide sensitivity, and resistance architecture to offer a real-time guideline for precise fungicide application and resistance breeding; and the scholastic research outcomes from the virulence mechanisms against edamame and its holobiont will provide a cutting-edge insight of molecular multitrophic interactions to develop a healthy edamame holobiont in the new era of agriculture.優化毛豆基因型及其微生物群以提升臺灣毛豆之抗病性Optimizing edamame genotypes and holobiont to improve disease resistance for edamame in Taiwan