Wang C.-C.JOU-KOU WANGHsu J.-Y.CHUN-AN CHENMEI-HWAN WU2021-01-052021-01-0520131011-6842https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874619241&partnerID=40&md5=9935d33ea28d8749c8fab9c52c5420b7https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/538310Paradoxical embolism is a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke in young adults, and can be primarily attributed to the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Although contrast echocardiography may facilitate diagnosis, it would be difficult to distinguish a PFO from a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF), which could also result in paradoxical embolism. We report a 46-year-old woman with recurrent ischemic stroke, who was scheduled for PFO closure because of a right-to-left shunt detected by contrast echocardiography. The diagnosis turned out to be a PAVF confirmed by angiography. Thereafter, coil embolization of this PAVF was performed successfully.[SDGs]SDG3adult; article; brain ischemia; case report; coil embolization; contrast echocardiography; endotracheal intubation; female; heart right left shunt; human; lung angiography; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; oxygen saturation; pulmonary arteriovenous fistula; recurrent disease; telangiectasia; thorax radiography; transesophageal echocardiography; transthoracic echocardiographyjournal article2-s2.0-84874619241