黃宏斌臺灣大學：生物環境系統工程學研究所賴紹文Lai, Shao-WunShao-WunLai2007-11-272018-06-292007-11-272018-06-292005http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/56096目前國內對於梳子壩或防砂壩等防災構造物之設計在巨礫撞擊力考量方面，多半採用國外經驗公式，但經由文獻之回顧，各公式計算出之衝擊力差異性甚大，若計算出之衝擊力太大，會產生設計之工程構造物尺寸過大，甚不經濟，若公式計算出之衝擊力較小時，則可能有安全上之問題。 本研究目的為利用彈性體碰撞理論，推求出巨礫衝擊力之理論式為基礎，藉由實驗方式，以混合粒徑模擬土石流撞擊梳子壩，來修正推算出之衝擊力理論式，求得一個更符合實際撞擊情形之巨礫衝擊力計算式，期能對爾後梳子壩設計及土石流災害防治問題，提供一設計之參考。經由公式推導與試驗修正，得一巨礫衝擊力計算式，結果如下： F=30.8*U^1.2*R^2 式中： F為巨礫衝擊力(ton) U為巨礫速度(m/s) R為巨礫半徑(m) 關鍵字：梳子壩、彈性體碰撞理論、巨礫衝擊力Currently, most of domestic designs of slit dam and check dam are based on foreign experiential formulas for the capability against boulders. From the literature reviews, we find great differences among the results of these formulas. If the impact force calculated is overvalued, the production will be too large in size and will not be economical. If the impact force calculated is insufficient, there may be hidden troubles of safety. In this research, we try to find a more practical formula for calculating the impact force of boulders. We infer an academic formula from the elastic collision theory. Then, in the experiments, we simulate the impact by debris flow with mixed diameters in order to correct the result formula. We hope we can provide a reference for future slit dam design and debris flow prevention. From the formula derivation and experiment correction, we have the following equation for calculating the impact force of boulder: F=30.8*U^1.2*R^2 In the equation, F is the impact force of boulder (ton) U is the speed of boulder (m/s) R is boulder’s diameter (m) Keywords: slit dam, elastic collision theory, impact force of boulder摘要………………………………………………………Ⅰ ABSTRACT…………………………………………………Ⅱ 目錄………………………………………………………Ⅲ 表目錄…………………………………………………..VI 圖目錄……………………………………………………VII 照片目錄…………………………………………………X 附表………………………………………………………XI 附圖……………………….…………………………… XII 符號說明…………………………………………………XVI 第一章 緒論.................................1 1.1前言.......................................1 1.2研究目的...................................1 第二章 前人研究.............................3 2.1土石流衝擊力之基本特徵.....................3 2.2土石流衝擊力之隨機性.......................5 2.3土石流衝擊力之研究.........................5 2.4土石流衝擊力公式彙整與比較................11 2.4.1土石流流體衝擊力........................11 2.4.2土石流巨礫衝擊力........................14 第三章 試驗設備、材料與方法................20 3.1試驗渠槽..................................20 3.2試驗之梳子壩與防砂壩模型..................21 3.3試驗材料..................................28 3.4流速量測儀器與方法........................29 3.4.1電波流速儀 (J-763)......................30 3.4.2電磁流速儀式............................31 3.5衝擊力量測設備............................32 3.6研究方法..................................37 3.7實驗方法與步驟............................39 3.7.1清水流流速量測試驗......................40 3.7.2土石流衝擊力試驗........................42 第四章 結果分析與討論......................45 4.1流速探討..................................45 4.1.1清水流流速探討..........................45 4.1.2土石流流速探討..........................51 4.2土石流密度與衝擊力探討....................54 4.2.1土石流密度..............................60 4.2.2土石流流體力與整體衝擊力比較............60 4.2.3土石流撞擊梳子壩之隨機性................62 4.2.4土石流撞擊梳子壩之衝擊力分佈情形…………63 4.2.5土石流巨礫衝擊力之推估..................65 第五章 結論................................68 參考文獻.....................................71 附表…………………………………………………….74 附圖…………………………………………………….77767860 bytesapplication/pdfen-US梳子壩彈性體碰撞體論巨礫衝擊力slit damelastic collision theoryimpact force of bouldsthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/56096/1/ntu-94-R92622016-1.pdf