2012-02-212024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/682545摘要：稻熱病(Rice blast)，乃由病原真菌Magnaporthe oryzae (Hebert) Barr (無性世代 Pyricularia oryzae) 所引起，為全世界水稻種植國家的重要病害。當環境、氣候等因子適合時，此病害極易造成單一水稻品系種植地區之大面積流行，並且造成嚴重損失。田間稻熱病之主要防治措施為栽種水稻抗病品系，但由於田間稻熱病菌具有高度變異性，抗病水稻品系在田間往往無法維持長久之抗性。為瞭解臺灣田間稻熱病菌之族群特性及動態變化情形，本計劃採用avirulence基因為標的，進行田間菌株之親緣分析，並檢定本土稻熱病菌株AVR-Pita1基因的功能 。此外，藉由水稻鑑別品系的接種試驗，進行分離菌株生理小種之判定，以期作為水稻稻熱病病害發生預測，及水稻育種篩選與田間施用之重要參考。<br> Abstract: Rice blast disease is one of the most serious diseases of cultivated rice in many countries. When the environmental and climate conditions are suitable, significant yield loss will result from the epidemics of the disease. One of the control measures for this disease is to deploy rice cultivars with resistance; however, the breakdown of host resistance has often been observed due to quickly evolved field population of the causal fungal pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae. To understand the genetic structure and variability of the fungus in Taiwan, we propose to use avirulence genes to survey and characterize the rice field isolates. We aim to generate the phylogenetic relationship of the M. oryzae rice field isolates and determine the functionality of AVR-Pita1 alleles. We also set to determine the physiological races of the pathogen by using rice differential cultivars. We hope to better understand the population structure of the fungus in Taiwan and provide the information for disease prediction and screening and deploying of resistant rice cultivars in the fields.水稻稻熱病菌avirulence (AVR) 基因生理小種水稻鑑別品系水稻商業品系riceMagnaporthe oryzaeavirulence (AVR) genephysiological racerice differential cultivarsrice commercial cultivars