2018-11-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/690165摘要：全球氣候變遷對於世界各國皆造成莫大的衝擊，這些衝擊包括生態環境的改變、長時間的乾旱、暴雨事件造成洪澇。未來氣候變遷可能造成極端降雨，因而導致逕流、淹水面積增加，此外過度開發與天然災害恐引致坡地崩塌，造成河川含砂量增加 與河床淤高等現象。2015年才面臨68年以來最嚴重的旱災，隨即於8月遭蘇迪勒颱風重創北台灣，新北市烏來區福山雨量站於8月6日中午至8月10日期間測得總降雨量為832毫米，根據林務局農航所等單位資料，該事件大規模之崩塌多集中於新店 及烏來地區，共有7處崩塌，最大崩塌面積為0.97公頃。另2017年，中國大陸四川茂縣新磨村造成高位崩塌。大陸地區具有多山地形，山區流域水砂災害問題十分突出。山區流域水砂災害防治區面積占大陸地區陸地面積的48%，山區流域水砂災害 造成的財產損失年均超過400億元(人民幣)，嚴重制約著大陸地區山區經濟社會的發展。是故，有需要針對極端氣候下流域土砂生產量與預警評估系統進行研發與交流。 本計畫主要與四川大學進行坡災水砂災害的技術交流，計畫分二年執行。本計畫與四川大學交流項目包括：1.洪水預報系統；2. 山崩雨量門檻值；3.氣候下流域土砂生產量與預警評估系統。而四川大學與本計畫交流項目包括：1.流域水砂災害的監測與預報。結合流域氣象與水文特性；2.山區流域水砂災害動態監測與安全評估3.山區流域水砂災害的風險預警體系與方法。<br> Abstract: Climate change will bring huge impacts to nations all over the world. Those impacts including the followings: change in biosphere, long duration drought, large floods trigger by extreme torrential rain, spatial change in homelands, and food scarcity. The extreme weather induced by climate change is the most direct factor influencing the floods, e.g. the extreme rainfall increases discharge and inundation area, sea level and estuary water level raising induce overbank floods, and land-use abuse and land-slides trigger high concentration of sediment discharge and river bed aggradations. In 2015, Taiwan faced with 68-year-most-severe drought, then in August Typhoon Soudelor. It hit northern Taiwan, especially Wulai District, New Taipei City. The Fu-shan raingauge recorded 832 mm between August 6 and August 10. According to data from related authorities, there are 7 large landslides, and of which the biggest one is of 0.97 hectares. Therefore, there is a need for research and development of water and sediment related disasters warning system. In 2017, the high-deep landslide occurred in Shin-Mo Village, Mao County which claimed a few causalities. Mainland China has a mountainous terrain, water- and sediment-related disasters 48% of mainland China`s land area. And the property damage caused by water- and sediment-related amounts more than 40 billion annually (RMB) and which severely restricts the development of economy of mainland. And the exchange of cross-strait of above-mentioned topics are urgent. The project mainly focused on the technology exchange between Taiwan’s research team with that of Sichuan University. The exchange technology includes: flood warning system, threshold of rainfall triggering landslide; warning system of sediment-related disaster due to climate change; monitoring system of sediment-related disaster, and risk evaluation system.氣候變遷水砂災害風險預警climate changewaterfloodwarningsedimentdisasterriskforecasting