墨家哲學說服性推理的思維方法

2011-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/704960摘要：本計畫嘗試探討先秦墨家說服性推理的思維方法，探討其中的思想單位。為了解中國古代哲學家的「推理」是如何進行？因而必須確立思想單位及其相互關係，西方符號邏輯是以「語句」為單位, 墨家哲學則以名, 辭, 說, 辯中的「說」為其思想單位，所謂「以說出故」的表現方式。亦即以特定觀點，在一定關係脈絡下之情境構作，情境處理與因果分析，運用此一思想單位的分析，將有助於了解墨家哲學說服性推理的過程與方法。本研究計畫將分析墨家在說服性推理中的思想單位結構，指出影響情境構作的相關因素，情境處理的不同方式。為達成說服目的，在表達者思維情境中各思想單位的協調性與作用為何？本研究將透過對於思想單位的結構分析、動態分析，指出墨家哲學說服性推理的思維特性。 <br> Abstract: This project intends to investigate the methods of persuasive reasoning and its thought units on Mohist philosophy in pre-Qin period. In order to understand the process of “inference” by ancient Chinese philosophers, it is necessary to determine the thought unit and its reciprocal relationship. The modern symbolic logic of west is in unit of “sentence”. In Mohist philosophy, the thought unit is “shuo” （說）from ming（名）, ci（辭）, shuo（說）, bian （辯）. The expression of “using shuo to reach premise” （以說出故）is to use specific perspectives to construct scenarios, handle scenarios, and analyze the causal relationship under certain relation context. The analysis of this thought unit will help to understand the inference process and method of Mohist philosophy. This project will analyze the structure of a thought unit, to point out the relative influence factors of context construction and the different ways to process content. In order to reach the purpose of complete persuasion, what are the function and integration of the relationship among thought units? This study identified the characteristics of reasoning in Mohist philosophy based on the analysis of dynamic state and analysis of the structure of thought units.&#63855服性推&#63972思想單位以&#63855出故情境構作情境處&#63972Persuasive reasoningThought unitsUsing shuo to reach premiseContext墨家哲學說服性推理的思維方法