黃偉彥陳丕燊臺灣大學：賴光昶Lai, Kwang-ChangKwang-ChangLai2007-11-262018-06-282007-11-262018-06-282006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/54657The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, we show that the cascade limit on ultra high energy cosmic neutrino (UHEC) flux imposes alower bound on the neutrino mass provided that super-GZK events of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are produced from Z-bursts. Based on the data from HiRes and AGASA, the obtainedneutrino mass lower bound violates its existing cosmological upper bound. We conclude that the Z-burst cannot be the dominant source for the observed super-GZK UHECR events. This is consistent with the recent ANITA-lite data. In the second part, We investigate the possible in-prints of ion-acoustic oscillations on the large-scale structure formation during the reinonization epoch. In order to trace the plasma electromagnetic interactions during the reionization epoch, we generalize the conventional Einstein-Boltzmann equation into a Maxwell-Einstein-Boltzmann equation in the Newtonian limit. We found that when the collective plasma interaction is included in the analysis, the ion-acoustic oscillations causes the Jean's scale to increase by » 60% while the Jean's mass by about a factor 2, from the conventional calculations where only the gravitational interaction was invoked. Such a modi‾cation should impact the evolution of the large scale structure.I Neutrinos as Messenger of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays 3 1 Introduction 4 2 Basics 6 2.1 Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 Ultra High Energy Cosmic Neutrinos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2.1 Existing Bound on Neutrino Mass . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2.2 Cascade upper limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2.3 Waxman-Bahcall upper limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.2.4 Mannheim-Protheroe-Rachen upper limit . . . . . . . 10 3 Connecting UHECR and UHECº 14 3.1 Z-burst Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2 UHECR Flux and Z-Bursts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3 Yield of Z-Bursts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.4 Cascade Limit and Bound on Neutrino Mass . . . . . . . . . 18 3.5 Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4 Conclusion and Discussion 21 II In°uence of Ion-Acoustic Oscillations on Large-Scale Structure Formation 22 1 Introduction 23 2 Basics of Acoustic Wave 25 2.1 Ordinary Acoustic Wave versus Ion-Acoustic Wave . . . . . . 25 2.2 Acoustic Waves in Pre-decoupling Era . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3 Plasma E®ect during Reionization Epoch 33 3.1 Maxwell-Einstein-Boltzmann Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.2 Modi‾cation of Jean's Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4 Conclusion 42 A A Complete But Conservative Version 43366933 bytesapplication/pdfen-US超高能宇宙射線宇宙演化理論UHECRZ-burstplsama effectcosmological perturbationthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/54657/1/ntu-95-D89222004-1.pdf