林嘉明臺灣大學:環境衛生研究所劉怡君Liu, Yi-ChunYi-ChunLiu2010-05-072018-06-302010-05-072018-06-302009U0001-1012200816064500http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/181420近年來塑化建材在室內環境中使用越來越多，所造成的健康康效應漸漸受到重視。本研究調查在塑化建材的室內環境下2-乙基己醇、微生物及其他相關環境因子（通風、溫度、溼度、總揮發性有機氣體、總懸浮微粒）與病態大樓症候群的關係。 研究以問卷調查病態大樓症候群盛行的情形，採樣與分析室內空氣中2-乙基己醇及微生物濃度，並且以直讀式儀器測量溫度、溼度、總揮發性有機氣體及總懸浮微粒。 調查結果，如以「環境影響三項以上之不適症狀」做為病態大樓症候群的判別，其盛行率為40.7 %，如以「離開該不適環境後，不適症狀有改善者」做為病態大樓症候群的判別時該盛行率為66.5 %。在鋪設壁布的教室其不適的情形較高，經校正後仍為病態大樓症候群的危險因子，且不適症狀多為「黏膜刺激」（眼睛、鼻子及喉嚨等不適）。環境採樣分析發現，在鋪設壁布及地毯的室內空氣中2-乙基己醇濃度（65.1 μg/m3）顯著較高（p<0.01）；而「上課期間」及「寒假期間」兩次採中，2-乙基己醇濃度皆與Penicillium濃度呈顯著線性相關（β=0.51, p<0.05）；且小教室2-乙基己醇的濃度也顯著較高（211.3 μg/m3, p<0.01）；剔除人及平常開門的通風條件影響時，2-乙基己醇濃度與溫度（β=0.64, p=0.03）和總細菌濃度（β=0.71, p=0.02）分別呈顯著線性相關。 總結，鋪設壁布及地毯、通風情形、教室體積大小、溫度、微生物等皆可能會影響2-乙基己醇的濃度，且可能與病態大樓症候群的發生有關，因此認為減少使用塑化建材做為裝潢的材料，以及增加通風的情形會有利於降低室內環境中2-乙基己醇的濃度。The possible health effect caused by plastic building materials that are getting popular in indoor environment, have been noticed. This study aims at disclosing sick building syndrome associated with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, microorganisms and other factors such as ventilation, temperature, humidity, total volatile organic compounds and total suspended particulates in environment with the usage of plastic building materials. A questionnaire survey was administrated for investigating the prevalence of sick building syndrome; 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) were sampled and analyzed; other environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, total volatile organic compounds and total suspended particulates were measured by direct-reading instruments. The results indicated that, the prevalence of sick building syndrome was 40.7% when using "three or more symptoms affected by environment" as a diagnosis base; the prevalence of sick building syndrome was 66.5% when using "the symptoms became better when leaving uncomfortable environment " as a diagnosis base. People felt uncomfortable in the environment installed with plastic carpet that was a significantly risk factor after adjusted for sick building syndrome. Major uncomfortable complaints were mucous membrane irritation involved in uncomfortable eyes, nose and throat. The mean concentration of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in the room installed with carpet was 65.1 μg/m3 that was significantly higher than in the room without plastic carpet (p<0.01). During two sampling periods, schooling time and winter vacation, the concentrations of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol significantly correlated with the concentrations of Penicillium (β=0.51, p<0.05); the concentrations of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in small classrooms significantly high (211.3 μg/m3, p<0.01); the concentrations of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol also significantly correlated with temperature (β=0.64, p=0.03) and total bacteria (β=0.71, p=0.02), respectively, when the factors of “people” and “the condition of ventilating” are excluded. In conclusion, the plastic carpet, ventilation, volume of room, temperature and microorganisms in indoor environment would affect the concentration of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol that probably relate to the prevalence of sick building syndrome. Thus, reducing the use of plastic building materials for inner decoration and providing adequate ventilation can decrease the concentrations of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in indoor environment.誌謝 i要 iibstract iii錄 v列 vii列 ix一章 緒論 1.1 前言 1.2 研究目的 2.3 研究架構 2二章 文獻探討 3.1 室內空氣品質與病態大樓症候群的關係 3.2 室內環境與揮發性有機氣體的探討 4.2.1 塑化建材與2-乙基己醇的關係 5.2.2 2-乙基己醇之健康效應 6.3 室內微生物因子探討 8.4 固相微萃取技術 9.4.1 以固相微萃取採集環境空氣中2-乙基己醇之相關文獻 11.4.2 固相微萃取纖維選用 12.4.3 搭配可攜式氣相層析儀與火焰離子偵檢器 12三章 材料與方法 13.1 研究流程 13.2 病態大樓症候群問卷調查 14.3 環境採樣方法分析 15.3.1 環境採樣分析的場所、對象與採樣策略 15.3.2 教室大小、溫度、溼度、CO2、TSP、TVOC的測量 16.3.3 2-乙基己醇的採樣與分析 17.3.3.1 2-乙基己醇的採樣 17.3.3.2 2-乙基己醇的分析 17.3.4 生物氣膠的採樣與分析 20.3.4.1 真菌與細菌的採樣 20.3.4.2 真菌與細菌的分析 20.4 品質管理與品質控制 21四章 結果 22.1 病態大樓症候群的觀察 22.1.1 以「環境影響之不適症狀三項以上」做為病態大樓候群判定 23.1.2 以「離開不適環境後不適症狀有改善者」做為病態大樓候群判定 24.1.3 在鋪設壁布環境覺得不適之相關因子 25.2 室內環境空氣中2-乙基己醇的濃度 25.2.1 2-乙基己醇的固相微萃取採樣分析 25.2.2 2-乙基己醇環境採樣結果 26.3 室內環境中之溫度、溼度、CO2、TSP、TVOC及微生物採樣結果 26.4 檢視2-乙基己醇、環境參數及微生物間的相關性 27.5 以主成分分析檢視2-乙基己醇相關來源 29五章 討論 30.1 病態大樓症候群相關因子探討 30.1.1 與病態大樓症候群相關環境因子 32.1.2 與鋪設壁布環境相關不適因子 32.2 以固相微萃取採樣環境中2-乙基己醇的方法 33.3 環境中2-乙基己醇的情形 34.4 環境中CO2、溫溼度、TSP、TVOC及微生物的情形 34.5 2-乙基己醇與CO2、溫溼度、TSP及TVOC的關係 36.6 2-乙基己醇與真、細菌因子的關係 36.7 教室大小、CO2、溫溼度、TSP、TVOC與微生物的關係 37.8 研究限制 38.9 建議 40考文獻 41錄 114application/pdf1114074 bytesapplication/pdfen-US室內空氣品質塑化建材2-乙基己醇揮發性有機氣體微生物病態大樓症候群Indoor air qualityplastic building materials2-ethyl-1-hexanolvolatile organic compoundsmicroorganismssick building syndromethesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/181420/1/ntu-98-R95844002-1.pdf