Harr, P. A.P. A.HarrCHUN-CHIEH WUChang, C.-P., Ding, N.-C. Lau, R. H. Johnson, B. Wang, and T. Yasunari2020-08-182020-08-182011https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/512923https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874958870&doi=10.1142%2f9789814343411_0021&partnerID=40&md5=7e05853e78c93ac85d92f7faddc44419Chapter 21The large-scale environmental characteristics that are favorable for tropical cyclone formation are typically found to occur over most ocean basins that contain a monsoon system. Although the favorable conditions occur consistently in the monsoon basins, tropical cyclone activity is closely tied to variability in the monsoon that provides favorable or unfavorable modifications to the basic environmental characteristics. This variability may occur on interannual, intraseasonal, and synoptic time scales. Therefore, it is important to understand the various linkages between monsoon variability and tropical cyclone activity in each monsoon basin. Over recent years, several international field programs have been conducted to investigate various interactions among factors that link tropical cyclone activity and monsoon circulations. The primary programs have been conducted over the tropical western North Pacific. These include the special programs such as the THORPEX-Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) and the Tropical Cyclone Structure- 2008 (TCS-08) that were conducted during August-September 2008, and the annual Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region (DOTST AR). The anomalous monsoon environment that existed during T-PARCITCS-08 is described. Additionally, the science objectives, observing platforms, and facilities associated with these programs are summarized with respect to observations of tropical cyclone characteristics in the monsoon environment. © 2011 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.[SDGs]SDG13book part10.1142/9789814343411_00212-s2.0-84874958870