指導教授：陳中平臺灣大學：生醫電子與資訊學研究所郭泰源Guo, Tai-YuanTai-YuanGuo2014-11-262018-07-052014-11-262018-07-052013http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/261840戶外運動以及居家環境的意外傷害經常發生。在台灣，每年都有心血管疾病、血氧濃度不足而缺氧，以及意外跌倒事件發生。因此科技產品的利用協助民眾偵測自己的健康狀態以及預防意外傷害是十分值得探討的議題。 本研究將是開發一套可攜式嵌入式遠距醫療即時監控系統，包含了血氧飽和計、脈搏感測器、跌倒偵測以及大氣溫度感測。利用此系統，不管在外運動、辦公、或是居家休息，隨時可以量測到人體生理訊號以及當時所在的環境狀況，透過無線傳輸把資料送到院方，形成遠距醫療照護系統。傳統型血壓計和血氧計體積大且不容易攜帶，因此我們利用微機電(MEMS)元件將兩者皆微小化於手腕錶帶上，再與電路濾波設計並且利用Arduino控制整合系統。另一方面，我們發展出的系統能將一些生理訊號、血氧飽和濃度(SpO2)以及心跳(BPM)所得到的數據透過藍芽傳輸到手機上，再藉由手機送回醫療中心監控，使病患的生理特徵狀態能夠被即時掌控，故可減少很多醫療糾紛的發生。 在驗證方面，主要針對血氧計部分準確去做設計以及說明。首先產品開發前必須做校正與驗證為了避免系統錯誤的設計以及誤差。因此進行電路硬體和軟體驗證，故都可達到預期設計效果。最後，本系統與標準儀器去做驗證比較，可得兩者之間血氧飽和度以誤差在2%以下，心跳誤差 3下誤差率，因此本系統相當準確。故可減少一些誤判情況發生，使醫療品質更完善。Injuries from outdoor activity and home environment occur frequently. Each year in Taiwan, residents are victim to cardiovascular disease, oxygen insufficient, and falling accidents. Therefore, a technology applied towards helping people monitor their health and preventing accidents has received much attention in recent years. The aims of this study is to develop a set of portable embedded Telecare real-time monitoring system, including oxygen saturation detector, pulse sensor, falling detector and temperature measurement. Physiological signals can be measured by the system no matter when the user is exercising outdoor, working in the office, or resting at home. Furthermore, the system can form a telemedicine care system by sending the physiological signals to a hospital through wireless transmission. Traditional blood pressure and oximeter machines are heavy and cumbersome for those who wear difficultly. However, the both measure devices can be miniaturized on a watch strap to wear by utilizing the micro-electromechanical system (MEMS), which is integrated in circuit filter and Arduino controller. On the other hand, the obtained information from physical signals, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate (BPM) in the system we have developed can be transmitted to mobile phone through Bluetooth, physical data used mobile phone is sent to telemedicine center for further analysis. Therefore, the characteristic physiological state of a patient can be monitored immediately and then a lot of medical disputes can be avoided. For the validation experiments, it mainly describes for accurate design and verification of oximeter. First, before development of the product, calibration and verification are required to avoid design error and accurate deviation. Second, the circuit hardware and software are executed with processing verification for achieving ideal result. This system has been verified with standard instrument. Evaluating by our system, the SpO2 error is less than 2% then BPM error is in times per minute. As a consequence, our system is quite accurate to reduce error and improve the medical quality.口試委員會審定書 # 誌謝 i 中文摘要 ii ABSTRACT iii CONTENTS v LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF TABLES xii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 General Background Information 1 1.2 Telecare System 2 1.3 Motivation and Objectives 3 1.4 The Procedure of Product Development 4 1.5 Thesis Organization 5 Chapter 2 Overview of Related Work 6 2.1 Literature Review 6 2.2 Blood Oxygenation 8 2.3 Photoplethysmography (PPG) 9 2.4 The Principle of Oxygen Concentration Measurement 11 2.4.1 Principle of Oximeter 11 2.4.2 Beer-Lambert’s Law 13 2.4.3 Derivation of Oxygen Saturation 14 2.5 Sensor Device Selection 17 2.5.1 The Selection and Design of Oximeter Device 18 2.5.2 Piezoelectric Thin Film Sensor 19 Chapter 3 Implementation and Hardware Design 21 3.1 Overview of System Architecture 21 3.1.1 Micro-controller 23 3.1.2 Driver Circuit of Light Emitter Diode and Photo-detector 24 3.1.3 Amplifier and Filter Circuit 25 3.2 Arduino Firmware Programing 28 3.2.1 Firmware Design Flow 29 3.2.2 LED Digital Control Flow 31 3.3 I2C Bus Interface Control 33 3.4 Slave-Chip of I2C Design Controller 35 3.4.1 HY3118 ADC Converter for Pulse Oximeter Application 36 3.4.2 Peripheral Functions 38 3.5 Circuit Board and Detector Sensor Design Architecture 41 3.5.1 Pulse Oximeter Detector 41 3.5.2 Architecture of Pressure Type Sphygmograph 42 3.5.3 PCB Layout Design 44 3.6 Bluetooth Transmission 46 Chapter 4 Software and Algorithm Design Procedure 48 4.1 The Calculation and Analysis of Oxygen Saturation 48 4.1.1 SpO2 Calculation Algorithm 48 4.1.2 BPM Calculation 52 4.2 Numerical Analysis of Sphygmograph 53 4.3 Android Software Design 54 4.3.1 Wireless Transmission Data 54 4.3.2 Android Interface Design 55 Chapter 5 Verification and Experimental Result 57 5.1 The Simulation and Verification of Oximeter Design 57 5.1.1 Verification of Filter Circuit 57 5.1.2 The Light Source Verification for Red and Infrared Led 59 5.1.3 I2C Timing Diagram Verification 59 5.1.4 HY3118 Board Software Simulation Verification 61 5.2 The Result and Discussion of Pulse Oximeter 62 5.2.1 SpO2 Numerical Analysis 62 5.2.2 Clinical Experiment Result 63 5.3 Implementation Result Demonstration 64 5.3.1 Background of Experiment 64 5.3.2 The Physiology Parameter Waveform Display Result 65 5.3.3 Pulse Oximeter Experiment Result 65 5.3.4 Falling Detection Experiment Result 67 5.3.5 Sphymograph System Experiment Result 69 5.3.6 Multiple Function Introduction in Telecare System 70 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Work 73 6.1 Conclusion 73 6.2 The Future 73 Bibliography 753472128 bytesapplication/pdf論文使用權限：不同意授權嵌入式血氧計藍芽遠距照護Arduino[SDGs]SDG3thesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/261840/1/ntu-102-R00945028-1.pdf