陽毅平Yang, Yee-Pien臺灣大學:機械工程學研究所詹勛豪Jan, Hsun-HaoHsun-HaoJan2010-06-302018-06-282010-06-302018-06-282008U0001-1011200813353900http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/187391本研究目的為設計一個適用於中華汽車電動車Colt Plus EV之50 kW推進馬達。根據電動車輛的動力需求，訂出馬達在不同轉速下所需規格，依此規格挑選適合的馬達形式、繞線方式以及齒極比。本文提出一套完整的內藏永磁式同步馬達設計流程，首先由磁路觀點與馬達設計方程式建立內藏永磁式同步馬達的二維磁路模型，結合多目標函數最佳化設計軟體，藉由調整特定的馬達尺寸參數，同時對馬達輸出力矩、力矩漣波、重量以及效率進行最佳化設計。其次，利用有限元素分析軟體驗證二維磁路模型的最佳化結果，並進一步修正馬達轉子結構以提升內藏永磁式馬達的磁阻力矩輸出。在不同的操作轉速下，採用馬達繞組串並聯切換來滿足低速與高速的動力需求，並使用激磁相位超前角達到弱磁控制的效果，其定功率操作使馬達的轉速範圍再一次得到延伸。本文中亦針對馬達力矩漣波降低進行討論。最後，計算不同行車狀況的馬達發熱量，設計一個水冷散熱系統，使馬達操作溫度到達穩態時可在安全操作範圍內。In this thesis, an attempt is made to design a 50 kW traction motor which is used for propelling the electric vehicle (Colt Plus EV) of the China Motor Corporation (CMC). On the basis of the dynamic demand for driving the EV, we can decide the traction motor specifications for different rotational speeds. A preliminary design determined the motor type, winding type, and the number of slots and poles. Afterward, the following design process is proposed. First, a 2-D magnetic circuit model for Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motors is constructed by using the motor design equations. By combining the model with the Multifunction Optimization System Tool (MOST), the values of the design variables satisfying the optimal value of the output torque, torque ripple, weight, and efficiency are obtained. Second, the design results of the 2-D model are verified by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) design tools. By changing the rotor geometry, the reluctance torque of the IPM motor can be improved. In order to increase the speed range of the designed motor, an electronic gearshift is employed. Besides, the field-weakening control that is implemented by leading the input current phase further increases the motor speed. Finally, with the aid of the result of thermal analysis and by employing the cooling system design, the motor is operated in the safe temperature region.中文摘要 Ibstract IIontents IIIist of Figures VIIist of Tables XIIIist of Symbols XVhapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Previous Research 3.2.1 Electric Vehicle 3.2.2 Traction Motor 6.3 Statement of Purpose and Design Methodology 9.4 Thesis Organization 12hapter 2 Preliminary Design 15.1 Design Procedure 15.2 Design Specifications 17.3 Determination of Motor Type 18.3.1 AFPM Motor 19.3.2 RFPM Motor 20.4 Determination of Winding Type 22.5 Determination of the Number of Slots and Poles 26.6 Comparison of Different Combinations of Slots and Poles 35.6.1 Torque Production Analysis 36.6.2 Cogging Torque Analysis 38.6.3 Summary 40hapter 3 Principles of IPM Motor 41.1 Description of IPM Motors 41.2 Characteristics of IPM Motors 45.2.1 Saliency Ratio 45.2.2 Saliency of IPM Motors 47.2.3 Rotor Variant of IPM Motors 48.3 Equations of D-Q Axis Transformation 49.3.1 Arbitrary Reference Frame 49.3.2 PMSM Torque Equation 52.4 Flux Weakening Control 54.4.1 Flux Weakening Concept 54.4.2 IPM Motor Torque Equation 56hapter 4 Magnetic Circuit Model and Optimal Design 59.1 Magnetic Circuit 59.1.1 Basic Concept of Magnetic Circuit 59.1.2 PM Magnetic Circuit Model 63.1.3 Flux Linkage and Back-EMF 66.2 Geometry Description 67.2.1 IPM Motor Geometry 67.2.2 Determination of Design Variables 68.3 IPM Motor Magnetic Circuit Construction 72.3.1 Construction of Magnetic Circuit Model 72.3.2 Calculation of Air Gap Permeance 74.3.3 Calculation of Magnet and Leakage Permeance 78.3.4 Calculation of Air Gap Flux 79.3.5 Calculation of Three-Phase Back-EMF 82.4 Sensitivity Analysis 84.4.1 Objective Function 84.4.2 Sensitivity Analysis 89.4.3 Sensitivity Indices 105.5 Optimal Design 110.5.1 Optimal Design Tool 110.5.2 Optimal Design Process 113hapter 5 Finite Element Verification and Refinement 117.1 FEA Tools 117.1.1 Model Construction 118.1.2 Material Assignment 119.1.3 Boundary Definition and Excited Source Setting 121.1.4 Solution Setup and Analysis 122.1.5 Field and Data Plot 124.2 High-Speed Performance Analysis 128.2.1 Performance Analysis at 6000 rpm 128.2.2 Performance Analysis at 8000 rpm 135.2.3 Inductance Analysis 140.2.4 Summary 149.3 Torque Ripple Reduction 150.3.1 Motor with Drilling 150.3.2 Rotor with V-Groove 153.3.3 Motor with Petaled Shape Rotor 155.3.4 Integrated Rotor of Torque Ripple Reduction 157.4 Thermal Analysis 159.4.1 Heat Estimation 159.4.2 Air Cooling 161.4.3 Cooling System Design 162.4.4 Thermal Analysis 164.5 Fabrication 168hapter 6 Conclusion, Contribution and Future Work 171.1 Conclusion 171.2 Contribution 173.3 Future Work 174eference 177ppendix A 183ppendix B 189ppendix C 1904007886 bytesapplication/pdfen-US電動車內藏永磁式馬達設計Electric vehiclesIPMMotor designthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/187391/1/ntu-97-R95522831-1.pdf