Wu, Po-ChunPo-ChunWuLee, Ho JunHo JunLeeLin, Yi-FanYi-FanLinTung, Kuo-LunKuo-LunTungLee, Jong SukJong SukLeeDUN-YEN KANG2025-11-172025-11-172025-12https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105016786692&origin=resultslisthttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/733713Carbon capture is widely recognized as a pivotal technology for alleviating the accelerating impacts of global warming. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) that embed metal organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a compelling route to high-performance separations, and MOF-808 stands out among them because of its outstanding chemical stability and environmentally friendly synthesis. In this study, the defect density of MOF-808 was tuned by varying the formic acid modulator: Higher modulator loading produced MOF-808 with higher linker defect density. After synthesis, MOF-808 was washed with either water or ethanol and then incorporated into PEBAX matrix through a drying-free process that ensured uniform dispersion. Washing with ethanol altered the pore coordination environment of MOF-808, partially replacing formate with ethoxide. Introducing an appropriate amount of formic acid created additional open metal sites and increased both CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity; however, excessive formic acid produced too many defects, causing severe pore blockage and consequently lowering the CO2 permeability. The drying-free method, by preventing MOF aggregation and ensuring homogeneous dispersion, led to a 38 % increase in CO2/N2 selectivity compared with the conventional drying method. The ethoxide substitution induced by ethanol washing occupied part of the pore volume, leading to a reduction in CO2 permeability. The optimized MOF-808/PEBAX MMM achieved a CO2 permeability of 150 Barrer and a CO2/N2 selectivity of 76.4, both markedly higher than those of the pristine polymer. These results highlight a sustainable, scalable strategy for producing high-efficiency membranes for post-combustion CO2 capture.CO2 captureDefect engineeringMetal-organic frameworkMixed matrix membranes[SDGs]SDG13journal article10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124688