蘇侃Hon-So臺灣大學:機械工程學研究所沈兆迪Shen, Chao-TiChao-TiShen2010-06-302018-06-282010-06-302018-06-282008U0001-1207200816172800http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/187358中文摘要 依據目前各國腰椎活動式固定器(Dynamic stabilization fixator；簡稱DSF)的設計，比較其優缺點再設計出目前型式，此DSF目標為降低退化性椎間盤壓力且不增加鄰近椎間盤壓力、可承擔腰椎部分力量、恢復脊椎穩定性、保持椎體間適當活動度、及避免椎間盤持續老化。 以有限元素法分析軟體來預估Dynamic stabilization fixator(DSF)植入腰椎後，五種不同腰椎狀態承受純壓、前彎、後彎、側彎時的靜態外力所造成的應力狀態，並分析椎間盤壓力，評估植入DSF脊椎受力後是否導致材料降伏破壞。設計一台實驗機器模仿腰椎植入活動式固定器(DSF)後的持續運動狀態，腰椎以PE塊取代，承受週期性負載400~600N( 40~60kg)之間疲勞壽命實驗。 經有有限元素分析後，顯示DSF可增加整體椎體剛性與降低退化性椎間盤壓力。疲勞與磨耗實驗結果，其DSF的各零件無鬆脫、損壞、變形、斷裂，且圓柱管(bar spacer，超高分子聚乙烯)與椎弓釘(screw，不鏽鋼)兩接觸曲面之間只有輕微磨耗現象。Abstract Based on present designs for dynamic fixator of lumbar spine (dynamic stabilization fixator , DSF) , this study presents a new DSF design .The goals for the new DSF design are: to reduce intradiscal pressure without increasing the loads on adjacent discs ,to improve the movement and the load transfer of spinal segment ,to restore stability of motion segment. The finite element model of the lumbar spine was used to study the effect of the dynamic stabilization fixator(DSF) on the mechanical behavior at the L3/L4 level .The loading cases of compression ,flexion ,extension ,lateral bending were simulated and analysis of the pressure on intervertebral disc .To estimate whether the DSF will failure after implantation. The experiments are done by a machine that simulates the motion of DSF implant, and the vertebra are replaced by PE blocks .The cyclic loads of 40~60kg are applied during the experiments .The components of the DSF are checked after the experiments whether there are loosening ,distortion ,fracture ,and other damages .The contact surfaces between the bar spacer (UHMWPE)and screw (stainless steel) are observed to determine the wear behavior.目錄試委員會審定書…………………………………………………………………….Ⅰ謝…………………………………………………………………………………….Ⅱ文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….Ⅲ文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….Ⅳ一章 緒論..................................................................................................................1 1-1-1脊椎構造之簡介..............................................................................................1 1-1-2脊椎運動之簡介..............................................................................................2-2脊椎疾病與治療.........................................................................................................3-3椎間盤.........................................................................................................................6 1-3-1椎間盤力學行為................................................................................................6 1-3-2固融與非固融固定器........................................................................................7-4動態穩定系統(Dynamic stabilization systems)相關文獻…………………………8 1-4-1 Graf H…..........................................................................................................8 1-4-2 Gilles Dubois.................................................................................................10 1-4-3 D.K.Sengupta.................................................................................................12 1-4-4 Hua-Zi Xu......................................................................................................14 1-4-5 Dong Suk Shin……………………………………………………………...15-5 動態穩定固定器之設計..........................................................................................16二章 相關理論......................................................................................................19-1力學分析理論...........................................................................................................19 2-1-1應力應變關係(stress-strain relationships).....................................................19 2-1-2等效應力(von Mises stress or equivalent stress)…………………………...20-2磨耗理論...................................................................................................................23 2-2-1固體表面型態................................................................................................23 2-2-2機械行為磨耗(Mechanisms of wear)............................................................24 2-2-3潤滑模式........................................................................................................26三章 有限元素法FEM模擬………………………………………………….29-1工程分析簡介...........................................................................................................29-2有限元素分析(Finite element method of analysis)………………………………...30 3-2-1模型建立(Model)...........................................................................................30 3-2-2材料性質的給定(Material properties)...........................................................32 3-2-4邊界條件(Boundary condition)……………………………………………..33-3分析結果(Result).......................................................................................................35 3-3-1椎間盤壓力…………………………………………………………………35 3-3-2 DSF之von Mises stress.................................................................................45-4分析結果討論……………………………………………………………………...50四章 活動式固定器(DSF)穩定性測試..........................................................51-1實驗目的…………………………………………………………………………...51-2實驗設備與方法…………………………………………………………………...51-3 DSF穩定性實驗結果……………………………………………………………...52五章 Dynamic stabilization systems疲勞與磨耗實驗…………………...55-1實驗目的...................................................................................................................55-2實驗設備與方法…………………………………………………………………...55 5-2-1疲勞與磨耗試驗機設計……………………………………………………55 5-2-2實驗環境……………………………………………………………………57-3實驗步驟與結果量測……………………………………………………………...57 5-3-1試片準備……………………………………………………………………57 5-3-2實驗步驟與量測……………………………………………………………59 5-3-3磨耗結果量測………………………………………………………………60-4疲勞與磨耗實驗結果討論………………………………………………………...62六章 結論與未來展望………………………………………………………....73-1結論………………………………………………………………...………………73-2未來展望…………………………………………………………………………...73amp;#21442;考文獻.........................................................................................................................759447755 bytesapplication/pdfen-US活動是固定器應力分析固定器疲勞磨耗實驗dynamic stabilization fixatorFEMwearthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/187358/1/ntu-97-R95522528-1.pdf