佐藤將之2006-07-252018-05-292006-07-252018-05-292005-07-31http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/14233本研究的目的在於從政治思想史研究的觀點來分析先秦時代主要政治概念 的演變及其理論化之過程，以期成為有助於討論戰國中後期主要政治概念與各種 思想類型演變之假設。本研究所分析的範圍從戰國時代的中期至晚期，即以齊國 的「稷下學」（這裡暫時把「稷下學」廣闊地定義為「其濫觴於齊國的思想家之 中，主要內容為分析社會國家治亂之問題」）乃至《荀子》、《呂氏春秋》以及《韓 非子》三本文本中的思想為主，並以「理」、「分」、「公」、「法」、「勢」等（這些 概念乃是作為分析當時社會層面發揮其政治、社會功能的主要範疇）概念作為分 析對象。 本計畫主要是基於下列的問題意識為出發點。第一、司馬談在〈六家要旨〉 中把當時的學派分成「六家」，但我們不能馬上將這種分類適用於戰國時代的學 派分類。換言之，除了戰國晚期的儒、墨兩家之外，後來被歸類為「同一學派」 的思想家與思想家之間其實還並未有明顯的學派意識。第二、由於在分析戰國時 代思想時，我們需先審慎地判定到底是思想家先存在，還是「學派」先存在的問 題，因此在討論戰國晚年的思想時，我們不宜馬上採用「它是某某家與某某家的 混合」的說法，因為直到戰國末期，「法家」等學派皆還沒有確立明確的學派「理 念型」（ideal types）。因此第三、我們不宜將《呂氏春秋》等文獻歸類於「雜家」 這種術語。 根據上述的問題意識，本研究將「稷下學」當作是先秦時代政治社會理論發 展的重要契機，進而分析從「稷下學」到《荀子》、《呂氏春秋》以及《韓非子》 思想中的「分析性」概念之演變與發展。換言之，本研究試圖構畫出「稷下學」 的政治思想概念在其發展過程中所政治化的概念，逮至戰國末年被容納於《荀 子》、《韓非子》以及《呂氏春秋》三書的詞彙，由此演變成為支持三種不同政治 思想的共同概念。This research aims to elucidate the process of theorization of main conceptual terms which were essential for the discussion of socio-political issues from the mid-late Warring States political discourse. The discussion mainly focuses on the conceptual and theoretical impact of the intellectual discourse at the Jixia Academy on the formation of the political theories in those three eminent works during the late Warring States period (i.e. the Xunzi, the Mr. Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annals, and the Hanfeizi) The research begins with the three questions on how we trace the development of the pre-Qin political thought. First, it would be fairly misleading to adopt Sima Tan’s “definition” on the scholarly tradition during theWarring States period because even until the eve of the Warring States period, many prominent thinkers who had been later categorized as specific schools would have been no idea about their actual “scholarly affiliation.” Second, it is very difficult to characterize convincingly those “ideal types” of any school except for Confucianism and Mohism during middle Warring States period. And third, the adoption of the term “Eclecticism” or “miscellaneous thought” (zajia 雜家) is misleading when we discuss the thought of the Mr. Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annalsbecause the aim of its compilation was not to assort the previous thoughts hitherto, but integrate them under the higher theoretical perspective. Ironically, Mr. Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annalswas no more eclectic work than the Xunzi and the Hanfeizi in that all intended to the attainment of the higher level integration of previous thought. Bearing this in mind, the research will analyize the process of the systematization and conceptualization of several important socio-political terms which appear in the works of both Jixia thinkers and those of three aforementioned books. These terms are “division and distribution” (fen 分), “fairness and publicity” 3 (gong 公), “principle” (li 理), “law and regulation” (fa 法), “authoritative power/position” (shi 勢). This research presupposes that these terms are significant in the sense that they were usually used in the context of the analysis of state structure and social mechanisms (in their term “order and disorder”) by thoseWarring States thinkers. It is hoped that this research can shed some lights on the elucidation of a developmental context during the mid-late Warring States socio-political discourse in which those key socio-political terms have bypassed beyond the limit of different “schools” and been finally integrated into as the parts of the essential arguments in three prominent socio-political works.application/pdf506524 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學哲學系暨研究所稷下學概念詞《荀子》《韓非子》《呂氏春秋》The Jixia AcademyConceptual TermsEarly Chinese Political ThoughtThe XunziThe HanfeiziThe Mr. Lü’s Spring and Autums Annalsreporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/14233/1/932414H002006.pdf