2017-03-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/703599摘要：食品安全與國際貿易具有相當密切的關係。在食品貿易國際化以及食品供應鏈全球化的發展趨勢下，進口食品帶來的健康風險也逐漸增加，並呈現多樣化及不確定性。如何在食品貿易自由化下，透過有效的管制措施以確保食品安全，已成為各國建構食品安全治理的重要要素。近年來國內發生若干重大食品安全事件，使食品安全治理之議題受到高度的討論與重視。特定進口食品是否符合我國所設之保護水準、如何預防劣質、攙偽假冒或具安全疑慮之食品進口以維護國人健康，均屬亟須處理的重要實務課題。 在歐美先進國家的進口食品監管法制中，美國「食品安全現代化法」（Food Safety Modernization Act，以下簡稱FSMA）為目前最完整且包含諸多創新制度之食品安全法規。該法所採取之「外國供應商查證計畫」（Foreign Supplier Verification Program，以下簡稱FSVP）以及「自願性合格進口商計畫」（Voluntary Qualified Importer Program，以下簡稱VQIP），均屬創新的管制模式。我國對「食品安全衛生管理法」之修訂，亦曾參酌FSMA對食品安全之管制模式。惟我國雖有若干規範可與FSMA類比並具有若干相似性，然其規範內容卻不盡相同。深入比較兩者之差異並分析相關制度之優劣，應有助於我國食品安全治理之長期建構。從國際貿易的角度而言，美國對進口食品的管制模式，亦將直接影響我國對美國輸出之食品。研析FSMA相關制度，亦應有助於減輕我國食品進入美國市場之法律遵循成本。 綜上，本計畫將主要研究FSMA對於進口食品之管制架構、FSVP與VQIP之規範重點，並與我國「食品安全衛生管理法」之相關制度進行比較分析，並研析FSMA對我國食品輸美之影響。本計畫亦將配合招標單位之需求，協助提供有關國際食品管理之法律分析與諮詢服務，並辦理專題演講與座談會各一場，以提升本計畫的實施成效。 <br> Abstract: Food safety has a close relationship with international trade. As food trade and its supplying chain become more globalized, the health risks coming from various imported food have increased. How to ensure food safety through establishing effective regulatory governance therefore constitutes an important challenge to all countries. In recent years, in response to the outbreaks of several serious food safety events in Taiwan, the way to improving food safety regulations have been warmly discussed. Issues on whether imported food can meet the domestic standard; how to prevent the importation of inferior food, intentional adulteration of food are the notable examples. On the regulatory governance for imported food in developed countries, the United States “Food Safety Modernization Act” (hereinafter FSMA) set the most comprehensive one with certain important regulatory innovations. Among these, “Foreign Supplier Verification Program” (hereinafter FSVP) and “Voluntary Qualified Importer Program” (hereinafter VQIP) are good examples. Taiwan’s recent amendments of “Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation” have to some degree referenced to the model of the FSMA. Therefore, food safety governance in Taiwan do have some similarities with the FSMA, but still remain some differences. Based on this, conducting comparative research for the differences between Taiwan’s current regulations and the FSMA should be expected to contribute to the long-term establishment of food safety governance in Taiwan. Additionally, from the perspective of international trade, U.S. food safety governance would directly affect Taiwan’s exports of food. Better understanding FSMA from this research project should also benefit the food exporters towards U.S. market as a result of reducing the cost of regulation compliance of U.S. laws. In light of the above, this research project will focus on the regulatory framework for imported food of FSMA, key points of FSVP and VQIP, the comparative analysis of the “Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation” and FSMA, and the influence of FSMA on Taiwan’s food exports to U.S. market. As requested by the commission agency, this project will also provide legal advisory service in relation to international food management, and a lecture and a symposium so as to enhance the fruitfulness and effectiveness of the project outcome.