2016-04-162024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/695769摘要：臺灣因特殊之地理環境導致水資源匱乏，加上工商經濟發展及氣候變遷的加劇影響，既有的水資源已呈現不敷調配之窘況。為因應水資源匱乏及氣候變遷所帶來的衝擊，「國家氣候變遷調適政策綱領」訂定水資源調適的總目標為「在水資源永續經營與利用之前提下，確保水資源量供需平衡」。為達到調適策略目標，經濟部水利署採推動多元水源分擔風險，除藉傳統水庫水源外，致力於新興水源的利用與推動，包含雨水貯留、都市污水與工業廢污水的回收再利用、海水淡化水等，其中廢污水之回收再利用，因不易受氣候影響，是為現階段國內新興水資源開發之重要政策。再者，新興水源中，不論是廢污水之再生利用或海水淡化，均是利用以能源產製水資源的技術，進行水資源之開發利用。如國內的水再生處理模廠大多以逆滲透程序為主，但因其需在高壓下操作，故其能耗相對較高，且容易受到進流水水質的影響，易受堵塞產生積垢或微生物繁殖降低通水量等問題。因此，為推動廢污水再利用必須改善現有水再生技術，開發新穎之低耗能水再生利用技術，如正向滲透、薄膜蒸餾、電去離子技術、電容去離子技術。同時，應針對國內水資源與用水特性，訂定水再生技術選用之環境友善性評量基準，以達降低能源使用及友善環境之目標。本研究計畫的主要目標為發展低耗能水再生利用技術，著重於脫鹽處理程序，移除水體中的溶解性物質及鹽類，將都市污水處理廠放流水之導電度降低，使得水質達A級工業用再生水水質，且優於自來水水質。同時以生命週期評估方法進行環境友善性研析，並擬定低耗能水再生利用技術指標與環境友善性指標，規劃未來水利產業之發展方向與藍圖。計畫內容主軸包含低耗能水再生利用技術之「技術研析」與「環境友善性評估」兩大部分。技術研析部分包含「低耗能水再生利用技術之評估與選定」、「實驗室規模的低耗能水再生利用模組系統之建立與測試」與「操作條件最佳化及技術指標參數之建立」三部分進行研究；環境友善性評估則針對「現有水再生技術環境友善性評估」、「環境效益與衝擊評估資料庫之建立」、以及「最佳化模組環境友善性評估」三個主要工作項目。期本研究計劃能開發新穎脫鹽程序，改善現有水再生處理系統，朝模組設備之結合與最佳化發展，建構一個以低耗能、綠色分離技術為主軸之低耗能水再生利用處理模組系統，有效去除再生水中之溶解性無機離子，提高再生水的水質，並促進國內低耗能水再生利用技術之發展，從而確保我國水資源之永續經營與利用。<br> Abstract: Water scarcity is one of the current and future challenges in Taiwan. Geographically uneven distribution of water resource, fast economic growth with extensive water resource extraction and extreme weather and climate events, are all major causes that led to the challenge. To overcome the challenge, government and stakeholders are exploring new water resource and emerging water treatment technologies, such as rainwater storage, wastewater reclamation and desalination, to augment existing water supply. But these approaches are often energy-intensive technologies. For instance, reverse osmosis (RO), a leading desalination technology, generates high associated environmental impacts from its high electricity consumption and large chemical uses for membrane regeneration. Therefore, searching out for novel water reclamation alternatives with low-energy-consumption is an important issue nowadays. In the meantime, a comprehensive criterion framework for proper selection of water reclamation alternatives from both technical and environmental friendliness points of view should be established. This can further ensure that the selected alternative is an efficient and environmentally friendly approach. This study aims to investigate the applicability of a novel water treatment technology with low electricity consumption and high water yield efficiency for reclamation of sewage effluents. The water treatment process shall focus on desalination to remove salt and dissolved solids in an effluent, thus, decrease its conductivity to meet the Class A reclaimed water standard. The water quality from Class A reclaimed water is much higher than that for portable water. Lab-scale modules are used to test the performance of water reclamation as well as optimization of operation parameters for the selected technology. Moreover, an integrated assessment framework, including technical performance and environmental impact considerations, for evaluation of low-electricity-consumption water reclamation technologies is also proposed in this study. It is expected that the results from this study could be used to support future development of green and environmentally friendly water reclamation technology.水再生利用電容去離子技術生命週期評估water reuseCapacitive deionizationLife Cycle Assessment