WEN-CHUNG LEEHo Y.-Y.2020-11-192020-11-1920031047-2797https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037380092&doi=10.1016%2fS1047-2797%2802%2900410-6&partnerID=40&md5=d6dba46ddeaea6948b0b0eb86e1a8c72https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/521842PURPOSE: To show the potential for gene-gene confounding bias in case-parental control studies. METHODS: The authors quantify the magnitude of gene-gene confounding bias using simple mathematical equations. They also demonstrate the potential problems of such a bias with hypothetical (but realistic) examples. RESULTS: The degree of bias resulting from gene-gene confounding was found to be quite substantial under certain conditions (two genes are very closely linked and/or the study was performed in a recently admixed population). CONCLUSION: In this post-genomic era more and more encounters of the gene-gene confounding will be expected, if the one-gene-at-a-time approach continues to be adopted. ? 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.English[SDGs]SDG3[SDGs]SDG10article; gene locus; genomics; hypothesis; mathematical model; priority journal; Bias (Epidemiology); Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiology, Molecular; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humansjournal article10.1016/S1047-2797(02)00410-6126841922-s2.0-0037380092