王勝仕臺灣大學:化學工程學研究所陳柏翰Chen, Po-HanPo-HanChen2007-11-262018-06-282007-11-262018-06-282005http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/52133近年來已經發現了至少十六種以上與人類有關之蛋白質因不正常地折疊而導致稱為類澱粉纖維(amyloid fibril)之物質生成及身體上之病變。 這些蛋白質雖無相似之序列及功能;且在臨床、病理、及生物化學上,這些疾病並不直接相關且各具有其獨特之特性;然而這群疾病卻有著相同的發生機制;且對造成這群疾病之類澱粉蛋白質而言,都能夠自我組合或是自我聚集成具有獨特二級結構 β-sheet 之穩定纖維。 本研究對類蛋白質(amyloid protein)聚集狀態(aggregation state),與抑制蛋白質形成類澱粉纖維的抑制劑(melatonin、benzoquinone)效果,與蛋白質周圍的環境因子(如:環境溫度、溶劑組成)間之關係進行探討。為了尋求類蛋白質與抑制劑間一般化交互作用機制,研究中採用雞蛋白溶菌?蛋白質進行上述目的之探討。期望以一些生物物理(biophysical)方法及光譜技術,例如:ThT 螢光、Congo red 鍵結與濁度測試,並配合動力學進行數據分析討論。研究發現,鹽酸溶液(pH 2.0)可以成功誘導出類澱粉纖維;且具鹽類之鹽酸溶液(pH 2.0)比起不具鹽類之鹽酸溶液(pH 2.0)所誘導之類澱粉纖維於時間上更加快速,數量上也更加多。此篇研究選用退黑激素與苯昆來研究是否會阻礙蛋白質自我聚集,結果指出苯昆比起退黑激素具有良好的抑制作用,對於不同溫度誘導類澱粉纖維測試,低溫下誘導之類澱粉纖維所需時間較高溫慢。此研究之成果將可以用於解釋抑制劑對於蛋白質的交互作用。More than sixteen different human proteins can fold abnormally resulting in the formation of amyloid fibrils and accompanying pathologies. These proteins have little sequence homology; however, they can polymerize into stable fibrils with a characteristic cross β-sheet structure. Although amyloid diseases have been the center of intense research, the role of amyloid proteins and the associated cytotoxicity mechanisms that mediate biological responses remain largely unknown. This research, with hen egg white lysozymes utilized as a model system, was set out to study the mechanism(s) of aggregation/fibril formation. First part of the research not only sought out the condition(s) of forming amyloid fibrils but also investigated the relationship between aggregation/fibril formation and environmental factors such as ambient temperature and solvent conditions. Secondly, this work was aimed at examining the inhibitory action of two potential compounds, namely melatonin and benzoquinone, against the aggregation/fibril formation of lysozyme. It was demonstrated that the fibrillar form of hen egg while lysoyzme was able to be produced under the acidic condition (pH 2.0). In addition, the elevated rate of amyloid fibril formation was observed upon salt addition. Our study then showed that benzoquinone exhibited a better anti-aggregating action than melatonin. Finally, in regards to the temperature effect, the lysozymes formed fibrils faster at 70°C in comparison with 37°C and 50°C. We believe that the outcome from this work may contribute to a better understanding of how amyloid proteins polymerize and further facilitate the development of possible strategies to prevent lysozyme or other amyloid protein-associated diseases.摘要 I Abstract II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 XI 第一章 序論 1 第二章 文獻回顧 2 2-1 類澱粉症(Amyloidosis)簡介 2 2-2 類澱粉纖維偵測方法簡介 6 2-2-1 Congo red 測試 6 2-2-2 Thioflavin T(ThT) 螢光測試 7 2-2-3 遠紫外光-圓二極光(far-UV circular dichroism、CD )測試 9 2-3 成核反應 11 2-3-1 動力學模型分析 13 2-3-1-1 模型Ⅰ(time-dependent fluorescent data) 13 2-3-1-2 模型Ⅱ (nucleation-based polymerization model) 13 2-3-1-3 模型 Ⅲ 14 2-3-1-4 模型 Ⅳ 16 2-4 溶菌?(lysozyme)介紹 17 2-4-1 溶菌?之簡介 17 2-4-2 溶菌?之構造 17 2-4-3 蛋白質結構與穩定 21 2-4-3-1 蛋白質分子之作用力 21 2-4-3-2 蛋白質分子立體結構 21 2-5 溶菌?類澱粉纖維 23 2-6 類澱粉纖維抑制劑 26 2-6-1 退黑激素(melatonin) 28 2-6-2 苯昆(benzoquinone) 28 第三章 實驗裝置、藥品與步驟 30 3-1 實驗裝置 30 3-2 實驗藥品 30 3-3 實驗步驟 31 3-3-1 溶液配製 31 3-3-1-1 不同溶劑誘導類澱粉纖維 31 3-3-1-2 鹽酸溶液中添加鹽類對於類澱粉纖維形成之影響 31 3-3-1-3 抑制劑對類澱粉纖維形成之影響 32 3-3-2 Thioflavin T (ThT) 螢光測試 32 3-3-3 Congo red 鍵結測試 33 3-3-4 糾結體光譜分析 33 3-3-5 遠紫外光-圓二極光光譜測試 33 3-3-6 穿透式電子顯微鏡 33 第四章 結果與討論 35 4-1 利用不同變性劑誘導雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維 35 4-1-1 利用胍鹽酸誘導雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之測試 35 4-1-2 利用尿素誘導雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之測試 37 4-1-3 利用酒精誘導雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之測試 39 4-1-4 利用鹽酸誘導雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之測試 41 4-1-5 利用磷酸鹽溶液誘導雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之測試 43 4-2 鹽酸溶液中添加鹽類對於類澱粉纖維形成之影響 45 4-3 測試不同抑制劑對形成雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之抑制效果 54 4-3-1 測試退黑激素對形成雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維之抑制效果 54 4-3-2 測試苯昆對雞蛋白溶菌?類澱粉纖維形成之抑制效果 63 4-4 溫度對雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維之測試 71 4-4-1 37°C 下雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維之測試 71 4-4-1-1 37°C 下退黑激素對雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維測試 75 4-4-1-2 37°C 下苯昆對雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維測試 79 4-4-2 70°C 下雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維之測試 83 4-4-2-1 70°C 下退黑激素對雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維測試 87 4-4-2-2 70°C 下苯昆對雞蛋白溶菌?形成類澱粉纖維測試 89 4-5 溶菌?類澱粉纖維生成數據之動力學分析 91 第五章 結論與建議 97 參考文獻 102 附錄A 110 A-1 溶液中可溶性蛋白質濃度測定: 110 附錄B 1111722833 bytesapplication/pdfen-US溶菌酶類澱粉纖維抑制劑聚集lysozymeamyloid fibrilinhibitoraggregation[SDGs]SDG3探討母雞白蛋白溶菌酶聚集現象及尋找阻礙其聚集作用之抑制劑Investigating of Amyloid Fibril Formation of Lysozyme and Inhibitorsthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/52133/1/ntu-94-R92524017-1.pdf