Fang C.-W.CHIN-HSIEN LINLiu Y.-C.Ou Y.-K.2020-11-032020-11-0320180022-4375https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049317555&doi=10.1016%2fj.jsr.2018.06.003&partnerID=40&md5=f43625416f9d3685faca2e2b8ad664f1https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/520016Introduction: This study investigated the differences in road-crossing behavior among healthy older adults and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Method: Twelve pedestrians with mild AD and 24 age-, gender-, and education-matched controls were examined with a battery of cognitive, visual, and motor tests. Using a simulated two-lane, one-way road-crossing situation, we determined the remaining time and safety margin for each participant in traffic situations involving different vehicle speeds (40 km/h vs. 60 km/h vs. 80 km/h), time gaps (5 s vs. 7 s vs. 9 s), and time of day (dusk vs. midday). Results: We found that patients with AD were more vulnerable to traffic crash while crossing the road than healthy older adults (Odds Ratio = 2.50, P < 0.05). Compared with healthy older adults, patients with AD were more severely affected by daylight conditions, faster vehicle speed, and shorter time gap. Participants in both groups had a significantly higher risk of unsafe crossing behavior if they had lower scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Complex Figure Test - recall (CFT-Recall), Trail Making Test (TMT) B-A, Useful Field of View (UFOV) - total, and Visual Form Discrimination (VFD). We also found that when given a long enough time gap (9 s), patients with AD and healthy older adults used similar safe road-crossing behaviors, independent of other factors. Practical applications: These results provide important suggestions for road design for patients with AD and healthy older adults during road-crossing. ? 2018Age; Alzheimer's disease; Decision; Road-crossing; Time-gap[SDGs]SDG3Neurodegenerative diseases; Roads and streets; Alzheimer's disease; Decision; Mini-mental state examinations; Road crossing; Road crossing behavior; Time gap; Trail making tests; Useful field of view; Highway planning; aged; Alzheimer disease; decision making; female; human; male; middle aged; odds ratio; pedestrian; psychology; Taiwan; traffic accident; trail making test; walking; Accidents, Traffic; Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Pedestrians; Taiwan; Trail Making Test; Walkingjournal article10.1016/j.jsr.2018.06.003301211132-s2.0-85049317555