Liao W.-C.MING-JANG CHIULandis C.A.2020-11-032020-11-0320080160-6891https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-52449115747&doi=10.1002%2fnur.20283&partnerID=40&md5=3e05b527b8db0f88a6154f3331112ff8https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/519946A single-group crossover design was used to examine the effects of a warm footbath on body temperatures, distal-proximal skin temperature gradient (DPG), and sleep outcomes in 15 Taiwanese elders with self-reported sleep disturbance. Body temperatures and polysomnography were recorded for three consecutive nights. Participants were assigned randomly to receive a 41°C footbath for 40 minutes before sleep onset on night 2 or night 3. Mean DPG before lights off was significantly elevated on the bathing night. There were no significant differences in sleep outcomes between the two nights. However, when the first two non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep periods were examined, the amount of wakefulness was decreased in the second NREM period on the bathing night. ? 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.[SDGs]SDG3aged; article; attitude to health; bath; body temperature; circadian rhythm; clinical trial; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; crossover procedure; female; foot; geriatric assessment; heat; hospitalization; human; insomnia; male; methodology; middle aged; nursing evaluation research; pathophysiology; physiology; polysomnography; psychological aspect; randomized controlled trial; REM sleep; skin temperature; Taiwan; time; treatment outcome; Aged; Attitude to Health; Baths; Body Temperature; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Foot; Geriatric Assessment; Heat; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Evaluation Research; Polysomnography; Severity of Illness Index; Skin Temperature; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep, REM; Taiwan; Time Factors; Treatment Outcomejournal article10.1002/nur.20283184591542-s2.0-52449115747