吳靜雄臺灣大學：電信工程學研究所何家駒Ho, Chia-ChuChia-ChuHo2007-11-272018-07-052007-11-272018-07-052005http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/58963在此篇論文之中我們提出了一個乙太被動式光纖網路系統。在下傳部分應用了IEEE 803.ae的規格，並且結合FPGA及MSA 300pin Transponder的架構，負責傳送及接收，使得傳輸速率得以到達每秒百億位元；而在上傳部分，我們選擇使用劃碼多工的方式，以避免封包在光耦合器發生碰撞而造成錯誤，並且達到1.25十億位元的總上傳資料速率。 在上傳多工部分，我們使用了完美相差碼(Perfect Difference Code)做為我們的編碼方式，並且提出了傳送器及接收器的硬體架構。在傳送器部分，我們使用可程式化邏輯閘陣列(Field Programmable Gate Array)來執行編碼的動作，再以雷射二極體轉換成光訊號傳輸；而在接收器部分，則是以一光電轉換器將光訊號轉換成電訊號，再使用類比/數位轉換器將所收到的訊號進行取樣的動作，將其數位化，最後藉由可程式化邏輯閘陣列來進行數位解碼的動作，來擷取出各個使用者所傳輸的封包。 為了增加取樣點的正確性，我們提高了硬體的操作頻寬到2.5十億赫茲，藉由降低訊號的上升/下降時間，來換取更為寬廣的平坦區域，使得取樣錯誤機率降低，且較不易受到訊號抖動(Jitter)的影響，以增加解碼的正確性。 由於在上傳使用劃碼分工的方式，所以此系統必須要達到同步，才能進行正確解碼，在此篇論文中說明了所需要達到的同步狀態及其原因，而同步動作的執行則在另一篇論文之中詳述。最後我們藉由硬體實作的方式，完整建立了一個系統的雛形架構，並且成功驗證了我們所提出的系統設計之可行性。In this thesis we proposed an Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) system. For the broadcast downstream channel, the data rate is 10Gbps, which is compatible with the popular 10G Ethernet standard 802.3ae. The design concepts of 10Gbps downstream channel are presented, and implemented by the combination of the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and the Multisource Agreement (MSA) 300pin transponder. For the upstream channel, the Code Division Multiple Access technique is employed for the upstream multiplexing, the total rate of 1.25Gbps is achieved. We adopt the Perfect Difference Code as the spreading code, and propose the structure for the transmitter and the receiver: The transmitter is implemented by using the FPGA as the spreading code encoder, and a laser as the electrical-to-optical converter. At the receiver, we use an analog-to-digital converter to sample the received signal every chips, then use the correlator that was implemented within the FPGA to extract the desired Optical Network Unit’s (ONU) data bits. We also explain the bandwidth requirement and discuss how the multiple user interference affects our system. The bandwidth of the upstream channel is set to 2.5GHz As for the system synchronization, we define the bit and chip synchronizations that should be achieved in the CDMA uplink channel. A polling scheme is also introduced to achieve these synchronizations between Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and ONUs. The synchronization error is less than 125psec. Finally we build up the whole system to prove that the proposed system is workable.中文摘要 i Table of Contents ii Abstract 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Basic Concept of Ethernet Passive Optical Networks 2 1.1.1 Time division Multiplexing 5 1.1.2 Wavelength division multiplexing 6 1.1.3 Code division multiple access 6 1.2 Organization of this thesis 7 Chapter 2 Proposed Architecture of Gigabit-CDMA EPON 8 2.1 Overview 8 2.2 Code-Division Multiple Access 8 2.3 Perfect Difference Codes 10 2.4 Transmitter and Receiver for DSSS sequence 14 2.5 System synchronization 19 2.6 Former version of the CDMA EPON structure 21 2.5 Our proposed system structure 23 Chapter 3 Functional designs 26 3.1 Downlink 10GbE transmissions 26 3.1.1 10GbE physical layer 27 3.1.1.1 MSA 300pin Transponder 29 3.1.1.2 XenPak Transceiver module 29 3.1.1.3 XFP Transceiver module 30 3.1.1.4 Our choice 31 3.1.2 Functions of MSA 300pin Transponder 32 3.2 Uplink CDMA transmissions 36 3.2.1 Design considerations 37 3.2.2 Laser diode driver/laser diode 40 3.2.3 Optical/Electrical Converter 41 3.2.4 Amplifier 42 3.2.5 Analog-to-Digital Converter 42 3.2.6 The CDMA decoder 43 Chapter 4 Hardware Implementation 44 4.1 Overview of the implementation 44 4.2 Downlink 10 GbE transmission 45 4.2.1 MSA 300pin Transponder – RTXM225A 45 4.2.2 Printed Circuit Board for Transponder 49 4.3 The Upstream CDMA channel 68 4.3.1 Laser Diode Driver/Laser Diode 68 4.3.2 PIN-TIA 72 4.3.3 Amplifier 75 4.3.4 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 77 Chapter 5 Experiment Results 79 5.1 Interconnections of the whole system 79 5.2 Downlink 10GbE transmission channel 82 5.3 Uplink CDMA channel 83 5.4 Polling 86 Chapter 6 Conclusions 93 References 942754604 bytesapplication/pdfen-US乙太被動式光纖網路劃碼多工Ethernet Passive Optical NetworkCode Division Multiple Accessthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/58963/1/ntu-94-R92942084-1.pdf