2009-01-232024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/661387摘要：植物菌質體 (phytoplasma)屬於Mollicutes綱之不具細胞壁 (cell wall-less) 的革蘭氏陽性 (Gram positive) 細菌，且為絕對寄生性的病原菌 (obligate parasite)，侷限生長在植物韌皮部 (phloem) 中，是一種影響寄主植物生長之重要植物病原細菌，常造成簇葉 (witches’ broom）、花器綠化 (virescence) 葉化 (phyllody)、黃化 (yellowing) 及小葉 (little leaf) 等病徵，於自然界中主要由葉蟬 (leafhopper)、木蝨 (Psyllid) 等媒介昆蟲在植物間傳播。植物菌質體目前尚無法利用人工培養，因此其基因組成及生理生化特性仍無法做全盤深入之瞭解。全世界目前已發現之植物菌質體種類多達28群，可在數百種植物上造成1000多種病害。一般進行植物菌質體之診斷或鑑定時，需先以植物菌質體廣用型引子對f1/r1與P1/P7進行檢測及解序後方可確認植物菌質體之身分，所需時間也相當長，因此我們將更精益求精，針對檢測技術之精確度與便捷性做持續改善。本計畫之目的為利用可區分群之膜蛋白序列、可區分亞群之亞群鑑別性基因及可鑑定strain之質體序列，開發新穎之診斷鑑定技術，並整合各階段之診斷鑑定流程，以達到快速鑑別植物菌質體之群、亞群、strain之目的，以因應檢防疫上重要之植物菌質體之檢測，降低檢疫有害生物入侵風險，確保農業生產安全。<br> Abstract: Phytoplasmas, former mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) can cause many yellows-type diseases. In Taiwan and other countries, there are more than 1000 different plant diseases are now known to be caused by over 800 phytoplasma species. Up to now, the phytopathogenic phytoplasmas still resist to be cultured in any available medium. It`s also very difficult to purify phytoplasmas from affected plants without the contamination of plant antigens. The biological and biochemical data of phytoplasmas are also next to nothing. In this proposed study, various techniques for the detection and identification of phytoplasmas will be developed based on the sequences of membrane protein genes, distinct gene markers and plasmid to meet different classification purposes. The PCR-based detection and analysis strategies thus developed will be useful for the differentiation of different groups, subgroups, species, or even strains or isolates of various important quarantine phytoplasmas. The detection system will also provide a useful tool for plant inspection and quarantine authorities and researchers to deal with phytoplasma diseases.植物菌質體膜蛋白鑑別性基因質體群亞群菌系聚合酵素連鎖反應phytoplasmamembrane proteingene markerplasmidgroupsubgroupphytoplasma strainpolymerase chain reaction